Mouse brain glutamate decarboxylase(s) was specifically titrated in vivo and in crude brain homogenates by a combination of gabaculine and [a-'H]acetylenic yaminobutyric acid. This specific titration is based on the differential spectra of action of these two mechanism-based enzyme inactivators. The specificity of the titration in vitro was demonstrated by showing that the time course of radioa...

Flooding induces low-oxygen stress, which reduces plant growth. The activity of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt is crucial for stress adaptation, in it acts by changing cytosolic pH, limiting reactive oxygen species production, regulating nitrogen metabolism, and bypassing steps tricarboxylic cycle. GABA accumulates under osmotic as well flooding stress. To clarify dynamic roles accumulati...

BACKGROUND Acid stress impacts the persistence of lactobacilli in industrial sourdough fermentations, and in intestinal ecosystems. However, the contribution of glutamate to acid resistance in lactobacilli has not been demonstrated experimentally, and evidence for the contribution of acid resistance to the competitiveness of lactobacilli in sourdough is lacking. It was therefore the aim of this...

gamma aminobutyrate (gaba) is a non-protein amino acid that is thought to play an important role in the modulation of the central response to stress. mechanisms by which gaba may facilitate these responses to stress are metabolic and/or mechanical disruptions. environmental stresses increase gaba accumulation through cytosolic acidification, induce an acidic ph-dependent activation of glutamate...

Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a precursor of nylon-4, which is a promising heat-resistant biopolymer. GABA can be produced from the decarboxylation of glutamate by glutamate decarboxylase. In this study, a synthetic scaffold complex strategy was employed involving the Neurospora crassa glutamate decarboxylase (GadB) and Escherichia coli GABA antiporter (GadC) to improve GABA production. To constru...

L-threo-3-Fluoroglutamate and L-erythro-3-fluoroglutamate were tested with glutamate decarboxylase from Escherichia coli. Both isomers were substrates: the threo isomer was decarboxylated into optically active 4-amino-3-fluorobutyrate, whereas the erythro isomer lost the fluorine atom during the reaction, yielding succinic semialdehyde after hydrolysis of the unstable intermediate enamine. The ...

OBJECTIVE Pharmacological, clinical, and postmortem studies suggest altered gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic and glutamatergic function in patients with schizophrenia. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is one key locus of abnormality. The precise neurochemical mechanisms underlying neurotransmitter alterations, such as hypoglutamatergia or GABA dysfunction, are not well understood. This st...