Under standard assay conditions, with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as electrophilic substrate, rat glutathione transferase 4-4 is strongly inhibited (I50= 1 PM) by indomethacin. No other glutathione transferase investigated is significantly inhibited by micromolar concentrations of indomethacin. Paradoxically, the strong inhibition of glutathione transferase 44 was dependent on high (mill...

introduction: the fate of xenobiotics that is present, increasing day by day. the increasing fates altered or inhibit the metabolic activities like detoxification and biotransformation. methods: the present study highlights this slow biotransformation and detoxification on the basis of specific enzymes which have a say in assessment of mercuric chloride toxicity and modulation by panax ginseng ...

Although ubiquitous, no universal function can be confidently ascribed to glutathione. The eye lens maintains higher concentrations of reduced glutathione within its cells than do other tissues (Waley, 1969). The ratio of protein thiol to reduced glutathione in most species of lens is about 5:1 (Kuck et al., 1982). The requirement for glutathione in maintaining a transparent lens is indicated b...

Blood glutathione concentrations represent a measure of protection against oxidative damage. In earlier studies, we observed that, in adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), blood glutathione is significantly depleted because of increased rates of glutathione utilization. To determine whether increased availability of cysteine - one of the three constitutive amino ac...

Creatine kinase (CK, EC 2.7.3.2) assays usually contain thiol-reducing compounds to restore the enzyme activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of endogenous extracellular glutathione on serum CK activity. We examined CK activity and glutathione concentrations in serum from 200 healthy subjects (107 males, 93 females) and 38 patients with multiple organ failure, muscle wasting, and l...

Reduced and oxidized glutathione concentrations in post-mortem brain tissue from the substantia nigra of control subjects and patients with neuropathologically confirmed Parkinson's disease were measured by a coulometric method using high-pressure liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. Reduced glutathione concentrations were decreased in the substantia nigra of parkinsonian patien...

There is significant evidence that the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Friedreich's ataxia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, may involve the generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we review the evidence for a disturbance of glutathione homeostasis that may either lead to or result from o...