Aquaglyceroporins-aquaporin membrane channels (AQP) that conduct glycerol and other small neutral solutes in addition to water-play major roles in obesity. In adipocytes, aquaglyceroporins mediate glycerol uptake and release across the plasma membrane, which are two key steps for triacylglycerols (TAGs) synthesis (lipogenesis) and hydrolysis (lipolysis). The aim of this study was to assess both...

Lipolysis of triglycerides goes on constantly in adipose tissue producing glycerol and free fatty acids. The fatty acids can be activated and reesterified. Glycerol, on the other hand, is not metabolized to any significant extent (1-3). Glycerokinase, the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a-glycerophosphate from glycerol and adenosine triphosphate, is apparently absent and glycerol is not ...

The effects of different concentrations of acetate, acetaldehyde, and ethanol, alone or in combination, on the lipolysis rate, measured as glycerol release, were studied in isolated adipocytes from fed or fasted rats, in the basal state and at various levels of norepinephrine stimulation. Acetate inhibited the glycerol release in a dose-dependent manner (congruent to 10% inhibition at 2 mM, 25-...

Lipolysis of triglycerides goes on constantly in adipose tissue producing glycerol and free fatty acids. The fatty acids can be activated and reesterified. Glycerol, on the other hand, is not metabolized to any significant extent (1-3). Glycerokinase, the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a-glycerophosphate from glycerol and adenosine triphosphate, is apparently absent and glycerol is not ...

The raw material used for this NCC production was oil palm empty bunches (OPEFB), currently waste from plantations. Delignification of OPEFB carried out using 2 N NaOH solution at 70oC 6 hours. maximum yield is 62.1% (dry cellulose basis) obtained a concentration 54% sulfuric acid and temperature 50oC. addition plasticizers (glycerol PEG) reduced the elastic modulus capsules 7951.4 MPa to 4758 ...

was higher (P < 0.1) from S than from P adipose tissue, without changes in the FFA/glycerol ratio. The basal FFA/glycerol ratio tended to be higher in group 0 in both tissues (table I). However, the activity of perirenal 3-glycerol-P dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in (re)esterification of FFA, was the same in both groups. Basal glycerol release, and the FFA/glycerol ratio, tended to be respe...

These studies were conducted to understand the relationship between measures of systemic free fatty acid (FFA) reesterification and regional FFA, glycerol, and triglyceride metabolism during fasting. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure fatty acid oxidation in six men after a 60-h fast. Systemic and regional (splanchnic, renal, and leg) FFA ([(3)H]palmitate) and glycerol ([(3)H]glycerol) ki...

A lipolytic process in skeletal muscle has recently been demonstrated. However, the physiological importance of this process is unknown. We investigated the role of skeletal muscle lipolysis for lipid utilization during caloric restriction in eight obese women before and after 11 days of very low-calorie diet (VLCD) (2.2 MJ per day). Subjects were studied with indirect calorimetry and microdial...

Background and aims Gut-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), formed by microbial fermentation of dietary fibers, are believed to be involved in the etiology of obesity and diabetes. Previous data from our group showed that colonic infusions of physiologically relevant SCFA mixtures attenuated whole-body lipolysis in overweight men. To further study potential mechanisms involved in the antili...

The release of free fatty acids (FFAs) from adipocytes (i.e. lipolysis) is increased in obesity and is a contributory factor to the development of insulin resistance. A recently identified adipokine, apelin, is up-regulated in states of obesity. Although apelin is secreted by adipocytes, its functions in them remain largely unknown. To determine whether apelin affects lipolysis, FFA, glycerol, ...