Functionally graded materials (FGM) in the form of layered structure consisting of yttria stabilized zirconia (8 mol% Y2O3) and nickel were fabricated by spark plasma sintering procedure. The relative density, linear shrinkage and Vickers hardness of each layer of graded materials were measured. The microstructure and the composition of these components were studied. The results obtained show t...

Functionally graded plates whose material properties vary continuously through the thickness are modelled as exactly equivalent plates composed of up to four isotropic layers. Separate models are derived for analysis using classical plate theory, firstorder and higher-order shear deformation theory. For cases where Poisson’s ratio varies through the thickness, the integrations required to obtai...

The approach developed for the microindentation of layered elastic solids was adapted to analyze atomic force microscopy probing of ultrathin (1–100 nm-thick) polymer films on a solid substrate. The model for analyzing microindentation of layered solids was extended to construct twoand tri-step graded functions with the transition zones accounting for a variable gradient between layers. This “g...

Abstract Sandwich panels’ exceptional mechanical properties and low density, owing to their multifunctional characteristics innovative design, made them a popular choice in numerous industries. panels with cellular cores are known for energy absorption properties, which make effective absorbers high-impact scenarios such as accidents or explosions. For advancing research on sandwich panels, it ...

Foam mobility control and novel oil displacement mechanisms were observed in a microfluidic device representing a porous media system with layered permeability. Foam was pre-generated using a flow-focusing microfluidic device and injected into an oil-wet, oil-saturated 2-D PDMS microfluidic device. The device is designed with a central fracture flanked by high-permeability and low-permeability ...

Low-density nanostructured foams are often limited in applications due to their low mechanical and thermal stabilities. Here we report an approach of building the structural units of three-dimensional (3D) foams using hybrid two-dimensional (2D) atomic layers made of stacked graphene oxide layers reinforced with conformal hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) platelets. The ultra-low density (1/400 ti...

Using a modified foam evaluation, we give categorification of the Alexander polynomial knot. We also purely algebraic version this knot homology which makes it appear as infinite page spectral sequence starting at reduced triply graded link Khovanov--Rozansky.