FTIR-ATR (Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance) spectroscopy and a conventional gravimetric sorption balance were used to study the diffusion of acetonitrile from the vapor phase in glassy cellulose acetate (CA). From the gravimetric experiments, the mass uptake kinetics were well described by a simple Fickian model. However, the experimental data from FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, ...

Acetic acid-catalyzed steam explosion pretreatment was applied to wheat straw at temperatures of 190 and 210 °C for 2, 6, and 10 min of residence time. The effects of pretreatment conditions on the total gravimetric recovery, hemicellulose sugars, glucose content, and yield of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose were studied. The results indicated that the total gravimetric recovery decreases...

We report highly reproducible gravimetric and optical measurements of microdroplets that lend insights into the fundamentals of drop-on-demand (DOD) printing. Baseline fluidic pressure within the DOD dispenser was controlled to within 0.02 hPa, enabling long-term stability in dispensed droplet mass with observed variations near 1% (RSD) for isobutanol. The gravimetric measurements were sensitiv...

In the present work two new analytical methods, a gravimetric and a spectrophotometric, for the assay of piperazine free base and its soluble salts in the anthelmitic preparation "Oxyuran", are described. Both approaches are based on the quantitative reaction between the diprotonated cationic form of piperazine and the 3-methyl-4-nitro-1-p-nitrophenyl-5-pyrazolone (picrolonic acid), in sulfuric...

This paper aims to numerically assess the effects of electrolyte properties and electrode morphology on the capacitance of electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) made of mesoporous electrodes consisting of ordered cylindrical pores in non-aqueous electrolytes. Simulations solved a three-dimensional modified Poisson-Boltzmann model. They accounted for the finite size of ions and field-dependen...

Introduction Wear studies of metal-on-metal (MOM) bearings in hip simulators have historically involved ‘custom’ acetabular cups, i.e. having neither beaded layers nor biological coatings [1]. Such custom designs improve the accuracy of the gravimetric wear assessments. However, it is not always feasible to obtain custom cups for various reasons. Thus, another possibility would be to machine of...

The gravimetric uterotrophic assay is currently the most well-established, short-term rodent estrogenicity assay. Increasing attention is being paid to the extent to which use of morphometric or molecular changes in the uterus could act as surrogates for the gravimetric end point of the assay, thereby perhaps increasing the sensitivity of the assay. In this paper I discuss the available data, p...

Quantifying the flow of matter and energy in food webs is indispensable when assessing the effects of increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, ozone level and temperature as a result of global climate change. In insect nutritional ecology, quantification of digestive and metabolic efficiency is performed using gravimetric methods in all published cases. A few cases combined these methods with c...