The indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine (SW) has been reported to impair placentae and ultimately cause abortion in pregnant goats. Up to now, however, the precise effects of SW on goat trophoblast cells (GTCs) are still unclear. In this study, the cytotoxicity effects of SW on GTCs were detected and evaluated by MTT assay, AO/EB double staining, DNA fragmentation assay and flow cytometry analysi...

BACKGROUND The effect of green tea catechins (GTCs) with or without caffeine on glycemic control is controversial. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify and quantify the effects of GTCs or GTC-caffeine mixtures on glucose metabolism in adults. DESIGN A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant trials of GTCs with or without caffeine on markers of glycemic control [fasting ...

Over the centuries, infectious diseases caused by viruses have seriously threatened human health globally. Viruses are responsible not only for acute infections but also many chronic infectious diseases. To prevent diseases caused by viruses, the discovery of effective antiviral drugs, in addition to vaccine development, is important. Green tea catechins (GTCs) are polyphenolic compounds from t...

PURPOSE Eyelid myoclonia and absences (EMA) induced by eye closure associated with brief, fast, and generalized paroxysms of polyspikes and waves was considered as an epileptic syndrome and a type of seizure as well. We analyzed the electroclinical features and evolution of EMA, and tried to determine if it represents a well-defined epileptic syndrome or a non-specific condition associated to o...

Seizures are one of the common causes for hospital admissions in children with significant mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to study the prevalence and clinicodemographic profile of children with seizures in a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal. This prospective cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 2 years included all admitted children (2 months-16 years) with...

Brucella has been reported to impair placental trophoblasts, a cellular target where Brucella efficiently replicates in association with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and ultimately trigger abortion in pregnant animals. However, the precise effects of Brucella on trophoblast cells remain unclear. Here, we describe the infection and replication of Brucella suis vaccine strain 2 (B.suis.S2) in ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of sustained muscle activation during convulsive epileptic and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), as compared to voluntary muscle activation. The main goal was to find surface electromyography (EMG) features that can distinguish between convulsive epileptic seizures and convulsive PNES. METHODS In this case-control study, surface EMG was rec...

BACKGROUND Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) frequently lead to emergency inpatient referrals. Laboratory blood values are routinely performed on admission to detect underlying causes and metabolic or cardiac complications. Our goal was to assess the nature and frequency of complications occurring in association with GTCS. METHODS We retrospectively extracted data from emergency protoc...

This case of refractory schizophrenia in a 28 year old male showed significant improvement with clozapine. But therapeutic doses of clozapine were associated with generalised tonic clonic seizures (GTCS). Addition of sodium valproate allowed adequate control of schizophrenic symptoms as well as seizures. EEG abnormality correlated surprisingly well with development of GTCS and subsequent improv...

OBJECTIVE Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most common cause of mortality directly related to epilepsy. Its incidence is higher in adult patients and its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, but likely involves autonomic dysregulation following generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS). In the current study, we aimed to analyze post-ictal autonomic changes following GTCS ...