We consider the problem of an ideal polymer confined in a droplet. When the droplet radius is smaller than the (unconfined) polymer radius of gyration, the polymer entropy will depend on the droplet shape. We compute the resulting surface free

The conformation of two anti-poly-D-alanyl antibodies was studied before and after interaction with hapten by small-angle X-ray scattering. With both samples a volume contraction could be observed upon interaction with the tetra-D-alanine hapten. The anti-poly-D-alanyl antibodies obtained by immunization with poly-D-alanyl diphtheria toxoid showed a decrease of the volume by 10% and a decrease ...

We present computer simulations to examine probability distributions of gyration radius for the no-thickness closed polymers of N straight segments of equal length. We are particularly interested in the conditional distributions when the topology of the loop is quenched to be a certain knot K. The dependence of probability distribution on length, N , as well as topological state K are the prima...

Metrics that quantify habitat connectivity and fragmentation in landscape ecology are examined, as well as the relations between them and their interpretation. The radius of gyration, defined here as the root-mean-square distance of habitat patches from the center of the habitat, has special significance from an ecological point of view that other metrics lack. This metric has been incorrectly ...

We present computer simulations to examine probability distributions of gyration radius for the no-thickness closed polymers of N straight segments of equal length. We are particularly interested in the conditional distributions when the topology of the loop is quenched to be a certain knot K. The dependence of probability distribution on length, N , as well as topological state K are the prima...

We discuss how the statistical properties of the area and radius of gyration of single self-avoiding loops, and of Ising and percolation cluster boundaries, may be calculated using ideas of two-dimensional field theory. For cluster boundaries, we show that almost all loops have area C lnL+O(1), where L is the size of the system, and C is a calculable constant. We also compute the universal rati...

The statistical mechanics of a noninteracting polymer chain in the limit of a large number of monomers is considered when the total angular momentum L is fixed. The radius of gyration for a ring polymer in this situation is derived exactly in closed form by functional integration techniques. Even when L=0 the radius of gyration differs from that of a random walk by a prefactor of order unity. T...