نتایج جستجو برای: h influenzae type b
تعداد نتایج: 2439465 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
such as sepsis and meningitis, has declined substantially since the introduction of the H. influenzae serotype b vaccine. However, the H. influenzae type b vaccine fails to protect against nontypeable H. influenzae strains, which have become increasingly frequent causes of invasive disease, especially among children and the elderly. We summarize recent literature supporting the emergence of inv...
OBJECTIVE Haemophilus influenzae type b causes severe disease in nonimmune infants and young children; other serotypes are uncommon pathogens and thought to have low virulence. Some have hypothesized that with the virtual elimination of H influenzae type b, other serotypes might acquire virulence traits and emerge as important pathogens of children. We describe the clinical, epidemiologic, and ...
A high incidence of invasive non-type b Haemophilus influenzae disease was found in Northwestern Ontario, Canada; H. influenzae type a was the most prevalent serotype (42%). Clinical and demographic analyses indicate that aboriginal children aged <5 years and adults with predisposing medical conditions are the most affected by invasive H. influenzae disease in the post-H. influenzae vaccine era.
Although systemic infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b occur worldwide, detailed epidemiologic data are available in but a few countries. The public health impact of morbidity, mortality, and serious sequelae from disease caused by H influenzae type b has stimulated the search for control strategies. In the United States now, active immunoprophylaxis is largely favored over treatm...
Polysaccharide-protein conjugates as vaccines have proven to be very effective in preventing Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in industrialized countries. However, cost-effective technologies need to be developed for increasing the availability of anti-H. influenzae type b vaccines in countries from the developing world. Consequently, vaccine production with partially synthetic antigens...
The widespread use of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines has nearly eradicated invasive Hib disease where the vaccines are used. This success was accompanied by a shift in capsular serotypes of invasive H. influenzae disease, with nontypeable strains replacing type b strains as the most common bloodstream isolate, but there is no convincing evidence of a true increase in the...
The type b capsule of pathogenic Haemophilus influenzae is a critical factor for H. influenzae survival in the blood and the establishment of invasive infections. Other pathogenic factors associated with type b strains may also play a role in invasion and sustained bacteremia, leading to the seeding of deep tissues. The gene encoding haemocin is the only noncapsular gene found to be specific to...
The attachment of isogenic fimbriated and nonfimbriated Haemophilus influenzae type b variants to human cells was studied by using a radioactive assay and an indirect immunofluorescent assay. As described previously, fimbriated H. influenzae variants adhered to a greater extent than nonfimbriated variants to human buccal epithelial cells (2.1 and 0.29 bacteria per cell, respectively, as determi...
For a seven year period (1985-91) clinical and epidemiological data were prospectively collected on children aged < 10 years with microbiologically confirmed invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infection in the Oxford region to study the epidemiology of the disease and determine the potential impact of early primary immunisation in infants. Computer records of primary immunisations given to ...
Invasive infections caused by non-type b encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae have increased recently. Because capsule is a major virulence factor, capsulation of 62 recently isolated non-serotype b encapsulated strains was examined. Repeated serotyping confirmed only 69.0% of isolates. The combination of slide agglutination and cap genotyping confirmed 78.9% of type a, 100% of type e, and 86.4%...
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