reproductive age.3 However, other empirical evidence has indicated that state abortion restrictions have no such impact.4 The relationship between state-level abortion policies and birthrates is even murkier. Since the birthrate is the product of the pregnancy rate and the ratio of births to pregnancies, state abortion policies may affect birthrates by influencing one or both of these factors. ...

Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are a group of disinfection by-products formed in chlorinated water. Due to their potential health effects and widespread occurrences, HAAs are regulated in drinking water in the United States under a promulgated regulation. To better control the formation of HAAs in drinking water, a reliable and accurate analytical method is needed for HAA monitoring. In the present st...

The first human hemodialysis in the history of medicine was performed by Georg Haas in 1924 in the town of Giessen, Germany. The procedure lasted only 15 minutes, and hirudin served as the anticoagulant. Haas was able to develop a dialyzer consisting of U-shaped collodion tubes immersed in a dialysate bath placed in a glass cylinder. He performed several hemodialysis procedures in uremics betwe...

The main objectives of this study were to survey and document the existence of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in Kuwait drinking water. Levels of HAAs were determined in 516 samples collected from residential and government buildings and 51 brands of bottled water from December 2003 to May 2005. In household water, the levels of HAA5 were found to be between 85% and 99% (average of 95%) of the levels ...

The present study aimed to determine the concentrations of several disinfection byproducts (DBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), and haloacetonitriles (HANs), in the public and private swimming pools in Sanandaj, Iran (n=16). Correlations between DBP levels with water quality parameters (free chlorine, pH, total organic carbon, temperature, number of swimme...

Disinfection by products of haloacetic acids and perchlorate pose significant health risks, even at low microg/l levels in drinking water. A new method for the simultaneous determination of nine haloacetic acids (HAAs) and perchlorate as well as some common anions in one run with ion chromatography was developed. The HAAs tested included mono-, di-, trichloroacetic acids, mono, di-, tribromoace...