PURPOSE There is controversy surrounding the growth outcomes of treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in central precocious puberty (CPP). We analyzed height preservation after treatment with GnRHa with and without growth hormone (GH) in girls with CPP. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 82 girls with idiopathic CPP who had been treated with GnRHa at Severance ...

OBJECTIVES To determine the activity of the upper trapezius, serratus anterior, anterior deltoid, biceps brachii. and lower trapezius muscles in healthy adults during below-the-knee assembly work. METHODS Fifteen right-handed male subjects participated in this study. The electrical activities, measured by EMG, of the right upper trapezius, serratus anterior, anterior deltoid, biceps brachii. ...

BACKGROUND Turner syndrome accounts for 15-20% of childhood usage of growth hormone (GH) in the UK but final height benefit remains uncertain. The most effective strategy for oestrogen replacement is also unclear. METHODS Fifty eight girls who, at start of treatment, were of mean age 9.1 years and projected final height 142.2 cm were randomised to receive in year 1, either low dose ethinyloes...

 Knowledge of the Saxaul dimensions used in sand dunes stabilization is considered essential for designing live windbreak in desert regions. This research aimed to collect and analysis data and was performed on the pruned and control shrubs of Haloxylon aphyllum L. in Yazd province, Iran in the last two decades. Our review clearly showed the superiority of shrubs pruned at the height of 35 cm i...

The standard deviations and the average body size of Hungarian Grey cattle examined by this method were found to be: height at withers 133,0 cm (sd:5,7); height of back 131,5 cm (sd:5,7); rump height 133,7 cm (sd:6,1) trunk length 157,6 cm (sd:9,7); chest depth 76,9 cm (sd:4,3); body length 152,6 cm (sd:10,6); width of chest 45,5 cm (sd:4,3). The discriminant function analysis of intra(Hungaria...

Eleven teenage boys with bilateral anorchia and 12 with gonadotrophin deficiency were treated by injections of testosterone ester (enanthate) at an initial dose of 100 mg every six to eight weeks, rising to 250 mg every four weeks after three to four years. In the anorchic boys average adult height was 177.1 cm, compared with a mean mid-parental height of 174.4 cm, and mean predicted adult heig...

Relationships between growth in height during adolescence and menarche, somatic, and dental maturation were analyzed on longitudinal data for 181 boys and 176 girls from the Poznań Growth Study. It was found that the correlation pattern between variables shifts during the spurt indicating the following regularities: The younger and smaller the boys and girls were at the onset of the spurt, and ...

BACKGROUND A typical growth pattern with decreased pubertal growth spurt has been identified in patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of final height predictions in patients with CAH using the Bayley and Pinneau (B&P) method. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using growth and final height data of 92 patients (57 F/35 M) with CAH due to 21-hydrox...

PURPOSE To estimate the height loss in 28 patients who had undergone surgery for scoliosis before skeletal maturity. METHODS 28 women patients aged 11 to 18 (mean, 15) years underwent Harrington instrumentation, segmental sublaminar wiring, and posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. The patients' mean age at menarche was 13 (range, 10-16) years. Pre- and post-operative radiographs ...

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that longitudinal rather than cross-sectional growth standards be used to assess individual growth patterns. Thus, the aim of this study was to follow boys and girls throughout their pubertal years, so that a mixed longitudinal growth curve of height, weight, sitting height, arm span, skinfold thickness, body mass index (BMI), and the ratio of sitting height or ...