There are fundamental differences between the climate of the Southern and Northern Hemispheres. Largely, these differences are dictated by the obvious differences in the geography of the two hemispheres: the Northern Hemisphere is about 50% land, whereas about 90% of the Southern Hemisphere is ocean. This asymmetry gives a much larger seasonal cycle in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and reduces t...

[1] It has been previously suggested that changes in the strength and position of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies could be a key contributor to glacial-interglacial atmospheric CO2 variations. To test this hypothesis, we perform a series of sensitivity experiments using an Earth system model of intermediate complexity. A strengthening of the climatological mean surface winds over the Souther...

Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) radio occultation (RO) observations during a two-week period are assimilated into global analyses using the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) three-dimensional variational (3D-Var) system with a recently improved observation operator for assimilating GPS bending angle data. The NCEP 3D-Var system used in this research is suboptimal sin...

OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study was to develop a semi-automated method to register and parcellate lesioned brains in a surface space with anatomical accuracy, facilitating group-level fMRI analyses in patients with large cortical strokes. METHODS Thirteen chronic patients with a single large left hemisphere stroke were included in the study. Our "virtual brain transplantation" (V...

et al., 2006). While significant advances have been made in the reconstruction methods and compilation of data sets for the Northern Hemisphere (Mann et al., 1999; Luterbacher et al., 2004; Moberg et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2008), the Southern Hemisphere is largely ‘terra incognita’ and devoid of adequate data. For the entire Southern Hemisphere, Mann and Jones (2003) considered only five data s...