The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) xenobiotic inducible cytochrome P450, CYP76B1, catalyzes rapid oxidative dealkylation of various phenylurea herbicides to yield nonphytotoxic metabolites. We have found that increased herbicide metabolism and tolerance can be achieved by ectopic constitutive expression of CYP76B1 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Arabidopsis. Transformation with C...

Herbicide mixtures are commonly used in agriculture to broaden the spectrum of weed control. The interactions or the combinations may be desirable or undesirable. Acetachlor at 150g/ha applied and ready mix application of anilofos and ethoxysulfuron at 780 g /ha provide effective control of weeds with higher grain yield. Tank mix application of metribuzin with isoproturon at 1.0 kg/ha, clodinof...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to obtain information on the residues of herbicides (imazametabenz, simazine, isoproturon, clortoluron, metribuzine, atrazine, cianazine, terbutrin, propanil, terbutilazine, alachlor and pendimetalin) present in water proceeding from Navarre. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 465 samples of water were taken: 378 were taken from 141 water supplies; the remaini...

The leaching of the herbicide isoproturon and the water tracer bromide in the pro®le of a silty loam soil at the Weiherbach Catchment area in Germany was simulated by eight different persons using the models MACRO, SIMULAT, LEACHP, WAVE, GLEAMS and PELMO (only bromide). Experimental results from different laboratory studies and from a ®eld study were available to parameterise the models. Model ...

Although benthic diatoms are widely used in ecological studies of aquatic systems, there is still a dearth of data concerning species sensitivities towards several contaminants. Within the same community, different species may respond differently depending on their physiological and ecological characteristics. This lack of knowledge makes specific appropriate risk assessment impossible. To find...

The frequency and mass concentrations of 13 herbicide micropollutants (triazines, phenylureas, chloroacetanilides and trifluralin) were investigated during 2014 in surface, ground and drinking waters in the area of the city of Zagreb and its suburbs. Herbicide compounds were accumulated from water by solid-phase extraction using either octadecylsilica or styrene-divinylbenzene sorbent cartridge...

Herbicide resistance in weeds is a global threat to sustaining food security. In India, herbicide-resistant Phalaris minor was the major problem wheat for more than two decades, but continuous use of metsulfuron-methyl (an ALS inhibitor) control broadleaf has resulted evolution inhibitor-resistant Rumex dentatus L. This review summarizes current scenario herbicide R. dentatus, along with its ec...