Traumatic injuries to immature permanent teeth are common and the results can be destructive. Although Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath is usually sensitive to trauma, it may resist damage from trauma thereby retaining its vitality and continuing to calcify a root under favorable conditions. This case report describes two cases of trauma to immature permanent incisors. The first case presents a...

Lateral disk herniation into the intervertebral foramen if not recognized may result in a negative surgical exploration. The condition is readily recognized by computed tomography (CT), which demonstrates a soft-tissue mass in the intervertebral foramen, focal protrusion of the posterolateral margin of the disk into the foramen, absence of dural sac deformity, and occasionally the presence of c...

BACKGROUND Selective immunostaining for calretinin labels the innermost layer of the outer root sheath of normal hair follicles, which is difficult to distinguish with hematoxylin-eosin staining. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether immunohistochemistry for calretinin allows identification of cutaneous adnexal tumors with follicular differentiation towards cells of the out...

An unusual case of sacral nerve root injury in a boy aged 6 years is described. Surgical intervention was not undertaken. Recovery of function was complete.

Single rooted primary mandibular first molar is a rare developmental anomaly. Literatures reveal that failure of invagination of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath leads to this unusual root form. Thorough knowledge of root canal morphology and anatomical variations of primary teeth can help a pediatric dentist in successful root canal treatment. Hereby, we describe two cases of primary mandibula...

Skin can no more be viewed as specialized wrapping material but more extensively as a complex organ actively communicating with the external world. Two groups were studied in the present investigation, one in peak summer and the other in peak winter, respectively. In lipid histochemistry, the super cial layer of epidermis of both summer and winter comprising stratum corneum and stratum lucidum...

The Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath is a transient structure formed in the early period of root formation. It has an important role in regulation and maintenance of the periodontal ligament space, prevention of root resorption and ankylosis, maintenance of periodontal ligament homeostasis, Induction of acellular cementum formation, as a stem cell in periodontal regeneration and also as a stimu...

The hair follicle consists of several distinctive epidermal cell layers. The hair root, which undergoes keratinization, is surrounded by two sheaths: the inner root sheath (IRS) and the outer root sheath (ORS). The ORS is continuous with the basal layer of the epidermis. Its cells do not keratinize in situ, unlike IRS. We have previously demonstrated that keratinization of the ORS was prevented...

BACKGROUND CD10 and CD34 have been detected in both epithelial and mesenchymal components of anagen human hair follicles. OBJECTIVES To analyse the expression of CD10 and CD34 in human hair follicle development as well as in different phases of the hair cycle. METHODS Fetal and adult hair follicles at different stages of the hair cycle were examined by immunohistochemistry for CD10 and CD34...

The hair erection muscle, arrector pili, is a kind of smooth muscle located in the mammalian dermis. The immunohistochemical study using an antibody against smooth muscle alpha actin (SMA) showed that the arrector pili muscle develops approximately 1-2 weeks after birth in dorsal and ventral skin, but thereafter they degenerate. The arrector pili muscle was not detected in the mystacial pad dur...