For overcoming the long period of seed cultured photoautotrophically and inadequate cell supply for the inoculation of microalgae photoautotrophic cultivation, a model for the photoautotrophic culture of three Chlorella species with heterotrophic cells as seed was investigated. The model can not only take advantages of rapid cell growth in heterotrophic process for preparation of cells as seed ...

Iron-rich (ferruginous) ocean chemistry prevailed throughout most of Earth's early history. Before the evolution and proliferation of oxygenic photosynthesis, biological production in the ferruginous oceans was likely driven by photoferrotrophic bacteria that oxidize ferrous iron {Fe(II)} to harness energy from sunlight, and fix inorganic carbon into biomass. Photoferrotrophs may thus have fuel...

* Stable isotope abundance analyses recently revealed that some European green orchids and pyroloids (Ericaceae) are partially myco-heterotrophic, exploiting mycorrhizal fungi for organic carbon and nitrogen. Here we investigate related species to assess their nutritional mode across various forest and climate types in Germany and California. * C- and N-isotope signatures of five green pyroloid...

The quantitative importance and trophic role of heterotrophic dinoflagellates was s tuded at a permanent station in the Kattegat, Denmark. Heterotrophlc dinoflagellates were most abundant during periods characterized by large phytoplankton forms (e.g. diatoms and dinoflagellates). During these periods the heterotrophic dinoflagellate blomass corresponded to between 13 and 77 % of the phytoplank...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the interaction between heterotrophic bacteria and coliform, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci bacteria in water supply networks. METHODS This study was conducted during 2013 on water supply distribution network in Aq Qala City, Golestan Province, Northern Iran and standard methods were applied for microbiological analysis. The surface method was applied t...

Microbial uptake of dissolved phosphorus (P) is an important lever in controlling both microbial production and the fate and cycling of marine P. We investigated the relative role of heterotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton in P cycling by measuring the P uptake rates of individual microbial groups (heterotrophic bacteria and the phytoplankton groups Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus and picoeukar...

A strain of the microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa F-9 in our laboratory showed special characteristics when transferred from autotrophic to heterotrophic culture. In order to elucidate the possible metabolic mechanism, the gene expression profiles of the autonomous organelles in the green alga C. pyrenoidosa under autotrophic and heterotrophic cultivation were compared by suppression subtractive ...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this project were to (1) identify the heterotrophic bacteria that colonize chloraminated distribution systems using bench-scale, pilot-scale, and full-scale environments, (2) determine whether benchscale and pilot-scale chloraminated systems are adequate models of full-scale chloraminated distribution systems, in regards to heterotrophic bacteria, and (3) explore t...

background: nowadays, due to increased public awareness about water pollution and water borne diseases as well as water network deficiencies, bottled water consumers have increased dramatically worldwide, including iran. pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen capable of causing widespread infections in burn and immune-compromised patients. the aim of this study was to investi...

aquatic plants have a major influence upon other aquatic organisms, by altering both water chemistry and spatial structure of the habitat in shallow water bodies. some of them, such as stratiotes aloides l., may suppress algal growth. but how aquatic plants would ultimately influence the heterotrophic community and the aquatic ecosystem as a whole is far from clear. our microcosm-based study de...