after the soviet union dissolution, a chaotic period was begun in the russia. russia lost its glory and felt disgrace. the first group of elites came to power under yeltsin; they tried to re-define russia’s identity as a european country and build a foreign policy on this baseline. therefore russia tried to become closer with the west especially with the u.s. according to their view the sovie...

the present thesis is a study of postmodern historical novel with respect to the voice of women. according to postmodern historiography,the established institution of history is one of the other manifestations of patriarchys power which has silenced women. the study analyzes angela carters nights at the circus as a postmodern historical novel which makes its female characters transgress the pat...

Despite the advent of mechanization in modern life, there are still men and women who create unique handicrafts that are the result of their taste and initiative. For a long time, jewelry has been of special importance among different ethnic groups in Iran, because such artifacts have come out of their creative and innovative minds and they reflect their culture, customs and traditions. Perhaps...

 The hand-woven items of Iranian clans and tribes include various motifs that have been formed according to their life-style, customs, myths and rituals and is the expression of values and beliefs of their culture. So these motifs have various symbolic meanings that they have used for expressing their needs and relationships. The present research aims at introducing one of most important h...

Ardabil province, like any other region has its own hand made industries the most important and attractive of which it could refer to Kilim weavings. Ardabil Kilims has been very important regarding cultural issues because of the reflection of original and traditional motifes and or economic issues that leads to improved economy of this province. However, there has been no significant research ...