Philip Johnson's masterpiece--the Glass House--is compared to a dream and conceptualized as containing encrypted and embedded representations of the self. Freud's masterpiece--The Interpretation of Dreams--is the theoretical and methodological model for this approach to design-as-dream. Drawing on Johnson's words and forms set in biographical, historical, and cultural context, interpretive path...

The present study intends to shed light on 25 lifelikeness layers in Imam Jome’eh House (Khaneh Emam Jome’eh) in Isfahan as one of the prominent historical monuments dating back to Qajar dynasty. The present study intends to shed light on 25 lifelikeness layers in Imam Jome’eh House (Khaneh Emam Jome’eh) in Isfahan as one of the prominent historical monuments dating back to Qajar dynasty. The l...

Herbal system of medicine has been practiced since historical times and traces its roots to ancient civilizations. Although, we define alternative systems of healing as subjects that are not taught in medical schools, it is worthwhile to mention that before the availability of synthetic drugs, plant-based remedies formed the basis of primary healthcare system. Herbal infusion, decoction and tin...

Some archaeologists have suggested recently that clusters of houses at Classic Maya sites functioned as urban neighborhoods. This article presents comparative historical and ethnographic data from low-density cities to support this interpretation. I review two Mesoamerican cases: the Aztec calpolli and the modern Tzotzil house cluster; and urban clusters in two African cases: the Nupe city of B...