The initial promise of microcredit, including such accolades as the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize, has given way to intense debate about if and when it is an effective development tool. Interest rates are central to this debate. Policymakers and donors promoting financial development have variously encouraged microfinance institutions (MFIs) to cut rates to expand access (under the assumption of elast...

A tradeoff exists between the range of learning tasks solved by an induction system, and its performance on those tasks. We propose dynamic-bias induction, an approach in which bias is dynamically constructed as a function of the learning task. This admits the possibility of a high performance inductive learner that applies to a wide range of learning tasks. We assess the benefits and limitatio...

background one of most important operations research problems is nurse scheduling problem (nsp) that tries to find an optimal way to assign nurses to shifts with a set of hard constraints. most of the researches are dealing with this problem in deterministic environment with constant parameters. while in the real world applications of nsp, the stochastic nature of some parameters like number of...

In this article we undertake a study of extension complexity from the perspective of formal languages. We define a natural way to associate a family of polytopes with binary languages. This allows us to define the notion of extension complexity of formal languages. We prove several closure properties of languages admitting compact extended formulations. Furthermore, we give a sufficient machine...

In this paper, we used the fuzzy set theory for modeling flexible constraints and uncertain data in nurse scheduling problems and proposed a fuzzy linear model for nurse rostering problems. The developed model can produce rosters that satisfy hospital objectives, ward requirements and staff preferences by satisfying their requests as much as possible. Fuzzy sets are used for modeling demands of...

a theorem was recently introduced to establish a relationship betweengoal programming and fuzzy programming for vectormaximum problems.in this short note it is shown that the relationship does not exist underall circumstances. the necessary correction is proposed.

This paper addresses a nurse scheduling problem that is present in hospital. In order to accommodate the rising cost of sustaining and maintaining hospital, there demand analyse manpower by not compromising needs patients. Therefore, this study aims apply mathematical method find optimal number nurses be assigned for duties each day shift An integer linear programming model developed represent ...

Operating rooms have become the most important areas in hospitals because of the scarcity and cost of resources. The present study investigates operating room scheduling and rescheduling considering the priority of surgical patients in a specialized hospital. The ultimate purpose of scheduling is to minimize patient waiting time, surgeon idle time between surgeries, and penalties for deviations...