Background: Although the variant lineages of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 are well established, their individual associations with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have not been extensively evaluated. Methods: Study subjects were women participating in the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/ Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion Triage Stud...

BACKGROUND Different assays, including the competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA), secreted alkaline phosphatase neutralization assay (SEAP-NA), and virus-like particle-based ELISA, are commonly used to measure antibody responses after human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Direct assay comparisons aid interpretation of immunogenicity data evaluated by different assays. METHODS We compared c...

Integration of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types into the host-cell genome disrupts the HPV regulatory E2 protein, resulting in a loss of negative feedback control of viral oncogene expression; this disruption has been considered a critical event in the pathogenesis of cervical neoplasia, and a potential biomarker of progressive disease. However, using serial samples taken from a cohor...

UNLABELLED The human interferon-inducible IFI16 protein, an innate immune sensor of intracellular DNA, was recently demonstrated to act as a restriction factor for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection by inhibiting both viral-DNA replication and transcription. Through the use of two distinct cellular models, this study provides strong evidence in support of ...

The human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS is useful for studying genome replication of human papillomavirus (HPVs) subtypes that belong to different phylogenetic genera. In this study, we defined the HPV18 transcription map in U2OS cells during transient replication, stable maintenance and vegetative amplification by identifying viral promoter regions, transcription polyadenylation and splicing sit...

The E6 and E7 genes of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) associated with anogenital cancers are largely responsible for the oncogenic activity of these viruses, and regulation of these genes has been intensively studied. Transcription of the E6 and E7 genes is controlled by the viral upstream regulatory region (URR). We have used in vivo footprinting to examine the occupancy by regulatory factors o...

We have investigated the nuclear import strategies of high-risk HPV18 L2 minor capsid protein. HPV18 L2 interacts with Kap alpha2 adapter, and Kap beta2 and Kap beta3 nuclear import receptors. Moreover, binding of RanGTP to either Kap beta2 or Kap beta3 inhibits their interaction with L2, suggesting that these Kap beta/L2 complexes are import competent. Mapping studies show that HPV18 L2 contai...

BACKGROUND A competitive Luminex Immunoassay (cLIA) has been developed to measure neutralizing antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16 and 18. METHODS In a cohort of 974 women from the Guanacaste Natural History Study, we studied the relationship of baseline cLIA and virus-like particle (VLP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (HPV16 and HPV18 only) seropositivity...

A strong epithelial specific enhancer drives transcription of the human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) oncogenes. Its activity depends on the formation of a higher-order nucleoprotein complex (enhanceosome) involving the sequence-specific JunB/Fra2 transcription factor and the HMG-I(Y) architectural protein. Here we show that proteins from HeLa cell nuclear extract cover almost all of the HPV18...

We determined that the human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) regulatory region contains one functional GRE sequence that interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor. This sequence conferred a moderate hormonal activation to the HPV18 P105 promoter. Two modulators of glucocorticoid hormone activity, AP1 and hbrm, both involved in P105 transcription, were found not to interfere with this hormonal a...