BACKGROUND Recent data have shown that HTLV-1 is prevalent among HIV positive patients in Mozambique, although the impact of HTLV-1 infection on HIV disease progression remains controversial. Our aim was to determine the phenotypic profile of T lymphocytes subsets among Mozambican patients co-infected by HIV and HTLV-1. METHODS We enrolled 29 patients co-infected by HTLV-1 and HIV (co-infecte...

BACKGROUND HTLV-2 infections are almost always asymptomatic, and diseases associated with the infection are rarely reported. Little information is available on the relationship between HTLV-2 proviral load and gender or expression of disease, especially among patients with HIV-1 co-infection. METHODS We studied 77 HTLV-2-infected subjects followed in our clinic for the last 9 years; 53 (69%) ...

INTRODUCTION Human T-lymphotropic virus types 1/2 (HTLV-1/2) are distributed worldwide and are endemic in specific regions. METHODS Serological evaluation of the HTLV-1/2 prevalence and co-infection rate [human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Chagas disease, and syphilis)] for 2011-2014 was performed with volunteer blood donors from the western ...

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or T-lymphotropic I (HTLV-I) both can lead to mortality. CD4+T cells are the target for HTLV-I and HIV-1. In addition, HIV-1 infect macrophages. macrophages play important roles in immune system response. This article develops analyzes a discrete-time co-infection model. The model depicts within-host interaction of six compartments: uni...

We have read with interest the case report of severe gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in a patient infected with Human T lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV1) by Canelo Aybar and colleagues [1]. In this case report, a possible link between these entities is suggested, but no conclusive evidence of a true association is provided. HTLV-1 causes clinical manifestations by three main mechanisms: autoimmune p...

Background: Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1 (HTLV1) is endemic in specific regions. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HTLV I infection among blood donors in southeast Iran.   Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2005 and March 2015. Sera were collected from blood donors and were tested for the presence of HTLV1 specific antibody using ELISA. Reactive sample...

Abstract Background Frequent and rapid development of myelopathy has been reported in individuals with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection following solid organ transplantation. There is no information regarding HTLV-2, a closely related that often infects injection drug users. Methods This study includes retrospective analysis all consecutive transplants performed during the l...

BACKGROUND The role of the host immunity in determining leprosy clinical forms and complications is well recognized, implying that changes in the immune status may interfere with several aspects of the disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that the presence of viral co-infections and associated immunological changes will have a clinical impact on leprosy outcomes. The aim of our study was to dete...