The multi pulse position amplitude modulation scheme for time-hopping multiple access impulse radio ultrawideband communication systems has been presented in this paper. Multi pulse position amplitude modulation is a hybrid modulation technique, which combines multi pulse position modulation and pulse amplitude modulation. It is shown that multi pulse position amplitude modulation significantly...

This paper addresses an efficient technique to embed and detect digital fingerprint code. Orthogonal modulation method is a straightforward and widely used approach for digital fingerprinting but shows several limitations in computational cost and signal efficiency. Coded modulation method can solve these limitations in theory. However it is difficult to perform well in practice if host signals...

The paper present’s a survey of the wheel vehicles drives with electric and hybrid drive system. For electric and hybrid vehicle applications, wheels motor and magnetic circuits cutting motor drives, represented a new attractive solution for their lightness and compactness. The wheels are directly driven by the electric motor, and the gears are not necessary anymore. An alternating solution of ...

The Vienna rectifier can produce three voltage levels, however only the connection to neutral-point is fully controllable using bidirectional switches. When not imposed in a phase-leg, polarity of pulses generated depends on diode that conducting which defined by current direction. As result, go opposite direction what demanded controller, and becomes distorted. This be mitigated injecting part...

Researching on the relationships among different multiple weighted type fractional Fourier transform (multi-WFRFT) schemes, we in this paper provide the modulation order relation of different multi-WFRFT in theory. Moreover, we also prove that the two matrix spaces (i.e., 4-WFRFT and multi-WFRFT) are equivalent. To apply multi-WFRFT into the wireless communication, we design the implementation ...

Multilevel cascaded and hybrid inverter systems conventionally use three level bipolar PWM for each individual inverter, with their carriers phase shifted to achieve maximum harmonic cancellation within each phase leg. This has been shown to give a harmonic performance equivalent to APOD modulation of a NPC multilevel inverter, when the switching frequencies are scaled to achieve the same numbe...

To improve spectral efficiency, a Hybrid modulation format based on combining of AM and UNB is proposed in the article. And channel capacity of the Hybrid modulation is analyzed. According to FCC AM spectral emission mask and china national standards on AM transmitter, the time and frequency domain characteristics of the modulation format are analyzed, it is fund that the licensed AM users can ...