Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy for lower ureteral stones therapy, we sought to identify and summarize randomized controlled trials that were used to treat distal ureteral stone. Methods: Eligible studies were identified from electronic databases. Database search, quality assessment, and data extraction...

The hydro-pneumatic suspension of special vehicles is mainly used to transmit vertical force and ease the impact vibration caused by uneven road surface. As a new type elastic element, Hydro-pneumatic generally uses inert gas or nitrogen as medium hydraulic oil transmission medium. Compared with ordinary leaf springs coil springs, it has advantages small size strong load-bearing capacity. This ...

Bicycle configuration is not as large as those of motorcycles or automobiles, while it indeed composes a complicated dynamic system. People’s requirements on comfortability, controllability and safety grow higher as the research and development technologies improve. The shock absorber affects the vehicle suspension performances enormously. The absorber takes the vibration energy and releases it...

This research explains airplane model with two vertical vibrations for airframe and landing gear system. The purpose of this work is to advance vibrational model for study of adjustable vibration absorber and to plan Proportional-Integration-Derivative approach for adapting semi active control force. The coefficients of this method are modified as stated by Bee multiobjective optimization using...

In this paper, different semi-active control strategies for non-linear quarter car model equipped with controllable magneto-rheological (MR) shock absorbers and fuzzy logic controller are compared. Polynomial model is selected to characterize the experimental results of MR shock absorber. A combination of Forward Fuzzy Logic Controller (FFLC) and Inverse Fuzzy Logic Controller (IFLC) is designe...

The purpose of shock absorbers are to dissipate impact energy, and control tire force variation, the shock absorber has great influence on both ride and handling performance of vehicles, and a great many previous researches have been done on modeling and simulation of the shock absorber. In this paper, a detailed model of shock absorber is established, which contains rebound chamber, compressio...

This article presents results of computer simulations of the hydro-mechanical processes in the lymphedematous tissue under stress of a single chamber of sleeve for pneumatic compression. The discussion was focused on parameters of compression as pressures and inflation times to squeeze out the mobile tissue fluid from the edematous tissue. Simulations have predicted that the process of squeezin...