The recent increased number of black outs in the power system has been largely due to growing competition and deregulation among the power industry. Power systems are complex nonlinear systems and often exhibit low frequency electro-mechanical oscillations due to insufficient damping caused by severe operating conditions. This needs an advanced modeling and control techniques for effective cont...

Turbine is the most critical component in hydropower plants because it affects the cost as well as overall performance of the plant. Hence, for the cost effective design of any hydropower project, it is very important to predict the hydraulic behavior and efficiency of hydro turbines before they are put in actual use. Experimental approach of predicting the performance of hydro turbine is costl...

This paper presents a new approach to Load Frequency Control (LFC) for a hydro-power plant. The control algorithm combines sliding mode control with H∞ technique. The dynamic model of an entire hydro-power plant has been developed. The sliding hyperplane is constructed by H∞ full state feedback control method. The ideal lossless turbine-penstock model is used in this paper to conduct the simula...

In this work a response surface approach was used for predicting the hill chart of a small horizontal shaft Kaplan turbine. To this aim, artificial neural networks (ANN) were chosen as a fast, reliable, and computationally inexpensive tool. The training of the ANN was based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The optimization of the runner-guide vane stagger correlation is a time consuming a...

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Hydroelectric power plants are known for their ability to cover variations of the consumption in electrical power networks. In order to follow this changing demand, hydraulic machines are subject to off-design operation. In that case, the swirling flow leaving the runner of a Francis turbine may act under given conditions as an excitation source for the whole hydraulic system. In high load oper...

On the basis of the state–space method (SSM), a novel linear mathematical model of the unsteady flow for the tailrace system with an open channel is proposed. This novel model is an elastic linearized model of water hammer. The validity of the model has been verified by several examples of numerical simulation, which are based on a finite difference technique. Then, the complete mathematical mo...

Renewable energy is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly. Included in the definition is electricity and heat generated from solar, wind, ocean, hydropower, biomass, geothermal resources, and bio-fuels and hydrogen derived from renewable resources. Each of these sources has unique characteristics which influence how and where they are used. This paper presents the model...

Hydro-electric power utilities convert the potential energy of water to electricity through the operation of generation turbines. Each turbine unit has an operating range and incurs a fixed start-up cost. The problem of determining which turbines should be operating at any point during the day whilst ensuring that the demand for electricity is satisfied is known as the unit commitment problem. ...

waterwheels are the oldest types of hydraulic machines. these turbines are of relatively simple design, large diameter, low rotational speed and high torques. but applying them as micro hydros of high speed and small diameter is yet to be explored. a micro hydro waterwheel of one meter diameter was designed and manufactured at the iranian  esearc†h organization for science and technology (irost...