Soil erosion is one of the vital factors contributing to the loss of fertility and environmental degradation. Generally accepted diagnostics of eroded soils is based on comparison of the sloping soils profile depth with the watershed soils. In this case, there is a separate problem of slope soils with a naturally shortened profile and eroded soils. Formation of the soil’s natura...

NaY zeolites with different framework Si/Al ratios were synthesized via hydrothermal technique. Structural characteristics of the synthesized zeolites were determined by using XRD, XRF, SEM, BET analyses. The effects of operating conditions of hydrothermal dealumination, i.e. time, temperature and partial pressure of water vapor on dealumination of the Y zeolites framework and their structure w...

Monitoring Yellowstone National Park’s hydrothermal systems and establishing hydrothermal baselines are the main goals of an ongoing collaborative effort between Yellowstone National Park’s Geology program and Utah State University’s Remote Sensing Services Laboratory. During the first years of this research effort, improvements were made in image acquisition, processing and calibration. In 200...

The Lost City Hydrothermal Field, an ultramafic-hosted system located 15 km west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has experienced at least 30,000 years of hydrothermal activity. Previous studies have shown that its carbonate chimneys form by mixing of approximately 90 degrees C, pH 9-11 hydrothermal fluids and cold seawater. Flow of methane and hydrogen-rich hydrothermal fluids in the porous interior...

The effect of acidic conditions (in a pH range of 3 to 6) and temperature on the kinetics of the hydrothermal oxidation of ferrous iron contained in BOF steel slag has been tested in the 150–350C range for acid acetic concentrations from 0 to 4M. Reaction progress was monitored with the amount of produced H2. Higher temperature and lower pH are found to enhance the hydrothermal oxidation kineti...

Shallow-sea hydrothermal systems experience continuous fluctuations of physicochemical conditions due to seawater influx which generates variable habitats, affecting the phylogenetic composition and metabolic potential of microbial communities. Until recently, studies of submarine hydrothermal communities have focused primarily on chemolithoautotrophic organisms, however, there have been limite...

Most of Earth's diamonds are connected with deep-seated mantle rocks; however, in recent years, μm-sized diamonds have been found in shallower metamorphic rocks, and the process of shallow-seated diamond formation has become a hotly debated topic. Nanodiamonds occur mainly in chondrite meteorites associated with organic matter and water. They can be synthesized in the stability field of graphit...