Population growth has created an expanding gap between the supply and demand of both energy and chemicals. Nonrenewable fossil sources, such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum, are the source of nearly 86% of the world’s energy and 96% of its organic chemicals. Diminishing reserves of these sources, rising atmospheric CO2 levels, and socioeconomic concerns require a reduction of our dependence...

Although concentrated sulfuric acid saccharification is not a novel method for breaking down lignocellulosic biomass, the process by which saccharification affects biomass decomposition, sugar recovery, and by-product generation is not well studied. The present study employed Taguchi experimental design to study the effects of seven parameters on corn stover concentrated sulfuric acid saccharif...

Herein, twoN-substituted coumaryl hydroxylamines (compounds 1a and 1b) with long aliphatic chains were prepared in 8 steps with a novel synthetic protocol. They served as derivatization agents for aldehydes by the formation of nitrones under mild conditions, which can be readily analysed by LC-MS with good chromatographic performance, excellent fluorescent response, and high ionization strength...

The use of biomass-derived compounds as substitutes of pet roleum has received much a t tent ion1)~4). Because of the complex nature of biomass, the conversions of biomass to chemicals usually start with the production of small molecules called platform chemicals by thermal, chemical or biological processing5). Among these platform chemicals, furfural6) and 5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)7) are es...

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is known as an indicator of quality deterioration in a wide range of foods. The current study covered 70 samples taken from domestically produced foods and drinks available on the Iranian markets (including honey, jam, fruit cakes tomato paste, ketchup, syrup, fruit juice, canned fruit, UHT milk, instant coffee and jelly powder). HMF levels were determined using ...

Twenty-five Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were screened for the highest sugar tolerance, ethanol-tolerance, ethanol production, and inhibitor resistance, and S. cerevisiae KL5 was selected as the best strain. Inhibitor cocktail (100%) was composed of 75 mM formic acid, 75 mM acetic acid, 30 mM furfural, 30 mM hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and 2.7 mM vanillin. The cells of strain KL5 were tre...