Secure group communication systems become more and more important in many emerging network applications. For a secure group communication system, an efficient and robust group key management approach is essential. In this paper, a new group key management approach with a group controller GC using the theory of hyper-sphere is developed, where a hyper-sphere is constructed for the group and each...

in this note first we define the notions of fuzzy positive implicativehyper bck-ideals of types 1,2,3 and 4. then we prove some theorems whichcharacterize the above notions according to the level subsets. also we obtainthe relationships among these notions, fuzzy (strong, weak, reflexive) hyperbck-ideals and fuzzy positive implicative hyper bck-ideals of types 5,6,7and 8. then, we define the no...

This paper introduces a variant of clausal normal form tableaux that we call “hyper tableaux”. Hyper tableaux keep many desirable features of analytic tableaux while taking advantage of the central idea from (positive) hyper resolution, namely to resolve away all negative literals of a clause in a single inference step. Another feature of the proposed calculus is the extensive use of universall...

In hyper-connected societies, where the opposite of communication and interaction may unobtrusively change from a human to a bot or another device, underlying services and technologies can easily come into conflict with cultural and social values. In this paper, we discuss how values apply to hyper-connected societies and we elaborate how values could be functionally integrated into platforms t...

CD40 and CD154 (CD40 ligand) are surface molecules that are central to the cross-talk between T cells and antigen-presenting cells. This article reviews the relevance of CD40-CD154 interaction for regulation of interleukin-12/interferon-gamma production in response to Toxoplasma gondii as an example of an intracellular pathogen. The manner in which defects in CD154 signaling contribute to immun...

Heat stress profoundly impairs tolerance to central hypovolemia in humans via a number of mechanisms including heat-induced hypovolemia. However, heat stress also elevates plasma osmolality; the effects of which on tolerance to central hypovolemia remain unknown. This study examined the effect of plasma hyperosmolality on tolerance to central hypovolemia in heat-stressed humans. With the use of...

This paper describes Hyper-G, a new hypermedia information system which combines the best of Gopher, WAIS, and World Wide Web. Hyper-G is speci cally designed as a distributed, large-scale hypermedia information system supporting navigation in a large body of dynamically changing information without becoming \lost in hyperspace". Users may choose a hierarchical navigation paradigm, click on hyp...

in this paper, we aresupposed to introduce the definitions of n-fold commutative, andimplicative hyper k-ideals. these definitions are thegeneralizations of the definitions of commutative, andimplicative hyper k-ideals, respectively, which have been definedin [12]. then we obtain some related results. in particular wedetermine the relationships between n-fold implicative hyperk-ideal and n-fold...

Microglia is the effector cell of the innate immune system in central nervous system (CNS). These cells mediate inflammatory responses in injuries. Besides external factors, microglial function is also controlled by internal factors, including epigenetic regulations. Mechanisms of epigenetic regulation mainly consist of DNA methylation, histone modifications and use of non-coding RNAs. Recent s...