BACKGROUND Patients with moderate to severe hypothyroidism and mainly patients with myxedema may exhibit reduced sodium levels (<135 mmol/L). SUMMARY The aim of this short review is the presentation of the mechanisms of hyponatremia and of the available data regarding its implications and treatment in patients with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is one of the causes of hyponatremia, thus thyr...

hypothyroidism is usually associated with delayed pubertal development but in rare occasions precocious puberty may ensue which is seen in cases of prolonged and untreated hypothyroidism. this is also called the van wyk grumbach syndrome. here we present 4 cases of precocious puberty due to hypothyroidism.

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are both common diseases in Doberman Pinschers. A possible influence of hypothyroidism on the etiology and progression of DCM is controversial. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the role of hypothyroidism in etiology and progression of DCM. ANIMALS A total of 175 Doberman Pinschers. METHODS In this longitudinal prospective study, echocardi...

Primary hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disease. Although the diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism is often considered simple, there are large numbers of people with this condition who are suboptimally treated. Even in those people with hypothyroidism who are biochemically euthyroid on levothyroxine replacement there is a significant proportion who report poorer quality of life...

introduction: congenital hypothyroidism is the most common cause of mental retardation in the world. the presence of hypothyroidism in fetal is lead to abnormalities in major organs, including nervous system and central skeleton. aim of this study was to investigate epidemiologic situation of neonatal hypothyroidism in ilam province between 2005 -2011. materials and methods: this was a cross-se...

in order to examine the prevalence of thyroid disease in a hospital outpatient setting, in an area of sufficient iodine intake, serum levels of tsh, t4, t3, anti-tg and anti-tpo antibodies were examined in 909 individuals with an age range of 12.4 to 88.5 years, participating in a checkup outpatient setting. the study was conducted in henry dynant hospital located in the metropolitan area of at...

OBJECTIVES Thyroid disorders are among the common endocrine problems in pregnant women. It is now well established that not only overt but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcome. There are few data from Bangladesh about the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy. With this background, this study aims to find out thyroid dysfunction (both o...

Thyroid hormones play essential roles in mammalian life, especially in neurodevelopment (Porterfield & Hendrich, 1993). This fact is clearly shown in patients with neurological deficits from endemic cretinism, who reside in iodine-deficient areas (DeLong et at., 1985). In addition to neurological impairments, thyroid dysfunctions, such as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, lead to a wide varie...

Hypothyroidism is a condition caused by deficiency of thyroid hormone, which if left untreated, can have detrimental effects on various organ systems in the body. This article provides an in-depth exploration hypothyroidism, including its classification, underlying causes, investigative approaches and homoeopathic treatments. Additionally, repertorization hypothyroidism based clinical condition...