This review article appraises the extraction methods, compositions, and bioactivities of the essential oils from the Citrus species (family: Rutaceae) endemic to Malaysia including C. aurantifolia, C. grandis, C. hystrix, and C. microcarpa. Generally, the fresh peels and leaves of the Citrus species were extracted using different methods such as steam and water distillation, Likens-Nikerson ext...

Castanopsis hystrix is one of the most important and dominant species in evergreen broad-leaved forests in subtropical China. However, the population of this species undergone severe decline because of deforestation over the past 2 decades. For both conservation and forestry management, it is essential to develop molecular markers for C. hystrix. We identified 11 microsatellite loci in 2 wild p...

BACKGROUND Coral reefs are hotspots of biodiversity, yet processes of diversification in these ecosystems are poorly understood. The environmental heterogeneity of coral reef environments could be an important contributor to diversification, however, evidence supporting ecological speciation in corals is sparse. Here, we present data from a widespread coral species that reveals a strong associa...

AIM The study was conducted to know the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of captive wild animals at Bir Moti Bagh Mini Zoo (Deer Park), Patiala, Punjab. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 31 fecal samples from eight species of captive animals including Civet cat (Viverra zibetha), Porcupine (Hystrix indica), Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), Spotted deer (Axis axis), Black buck (Antelop...

Abstract Indian crested porcupine is the largest rodent pest that damages a wide variety of crops, vegetables, and tree species which ultimately causes huge economic loss in Pakistan, an agricultural country. It prefers to live hilly terrain but common temperate tropical forests, shrublands, grasslands. This study focused on identification assessment crops damaged along with main precautionary ...

Abstract The Indian Crested Porcupine (Hystrix indica) is classified as an agricultural pest species. It feeds on plants and crops; hence, it responsible for massive financial losses worldwide. current study was conducted to assess the diet composition of in District Bagh, Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJ&K). Thus, fecal samples were collected examined from different sampling sites. Reference slides ...