statement of problem: tooth-coloured restorative materials are brittle with the major shortcomings of sensitivity to flaws and defects. although various mechanical properties of resin composites have been studied, no fracture toughness test data for nano-hybrid composites under acidic condition for a long period of time has been published. objectives: to compare the fracture toughness (k ic ) o...

Dissociative symptoms and abnormalities in pain perception have been associated with a range of disorders. The authors tested whether experimentally induced increases in state dissociation would cause an analgesic response. Participants (N = 120) were randomized to a dissociation induction condition via audiophotic stimulation or a credible control condition and were compared on pre- and postch...

in hot dip galvanizing, several parameters such as chemical composition of coating bath, immersion time and surface roughness of specimens could affect microstructure and properties of coating. in this article, the effect of aluminum content, immersion time and surface roughness on structure and properties of alloy layers have been investigated. specimens of low carbon silicon-free steel with d...

Background and Aim: Bacterial colonization occurs following contamination of impression materials with blood and saliva. However, not all disinfecting agents are compatible with the impression materials and may cause changes in the resultant casts. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of various immersion time of addi-tion silicon impressions in different disinfecting solutions on...

Despite the word's common usage by gamers and reviewers alike, it is still not clear what immersion means. This paper explores immersion further by investigating whether immersion can be defined quantitatively, describing three experiments in total. The first experiment investigated participants' abilities to switch from an immersive to a non-immersive task. The second experiment investigated w...

BACKGROUND This study examined the effect of a 5-min cold-water immersion (14 degrees C) recovery intervention on repeated cycling performance in the heat. METHODS 10 male cyclists performed two bouts of a 25-min constant-paced (254 (22) W) cycling session followed by a 4-km time trial in hot conditions (35 degrees C, 40% relative humidity). The two bouts were separated by either 15 min of se...

A strong molluscicidal effect of sanguinarine against Oncomelania hupensis snails was demonstrated by immersion test in the present study. A positive relationship between doses, immersion time and the mortality of the snails was exhibited, while the optimal dose and immersion time of application towards the field eradication of snails were suggested. The possible mechanisms of effects were expl...

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at 37.58C for distinct times. The variation of the surface mechanical properties of PLLA samples with immersion time was followed by microhardness. These measurements showed that PLLA microhardness decreased significantly ( 60%) after only 30 days of immersion. The results were explained in terms of hydrolytic degr...