Delivering syndecan-4 with FGF-2 improves the effectiveness of FGF-2 therapy for ischemia in the diabetic disease state. The syndecan-4 proteoliposomes significantly enhance in vitro tubule formation as well as blood perfusion and vessel density in the ischemic hind limbs of diseased ob/ob mice. Syndecan-4 therapy also induces a marked immunomodulation in the tissues, increasing the polarizatio...

OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to report the maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with severe red cell alloimmunization in pregnancy who were treated with immunomodulation therapy. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective multicenter case series. Patients with a history of early second-trimester fetal loss secondary to severe maternal red cell alloimmunization or patients with ma...

Recipients' immune systems are triggered by blood and component therapy. Transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM) is a complicated immunological response to transfusion that results in immunosuppression. The mechanisms of TRIM include the presence residual white cells apoptotic cells, infusion immunosuppressive cytokines present donor components or occur during processing, transfer metabolic...

Plague still poses a significant threat to human health, and interest has been renewed recently in the possible use of Yersinia pestis as a biological weapon by terrorists. The septicaemic and pneumonic forms are always lethal if untreated. Attempts to treat this deadly disease date back to the era of global pandemics, when various methods were explored. The successful isolation of the plague p...