The leading positions in terms of frequency, severity the course and high mortality belong to infectious forms acute pancreatitis. However, not all pathophysiological mechanisms development this disorder have been studied. Given that immune responses are an integral part pathogenesis pancreatitis, it is extremely important study relationship between inflammation activation response. This review...

Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) evoke humoral and cellular immune responses with the scope to enable the host to eliminate the pathogen. Immunopathogenesis of CNS fungal infections remains incompletely understood, with most of our understanding coming from studies on experimentally infected animals. However, activation of brain resident cells combined with relative express...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major increasing global health burden in the aging population. Understanding the etiology of DM is beneficial for its prevention as well as treatment. In light of the metagenome hypothesis, defined as the overall bacterial genome, gut microbes have attracted increasing attention in the pathogenesis of DM. Many studies have found that gut microbes are involved in the ...

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease in which inflammatory cells gather and form nodules known as non caseating epithelioid granulomas. The most commonly affected organs are the lungs, the eyes and the skin whereas all the organs can be potentially affected. The disease can develop when genetically susceptible individuals are exposed to environmental agents with antigenic properties. These ca...