— Are parks effective in forest conservation? This study examines data from 163 forests in 13 countries to determine the necessity of legally established protected areas for forest conservation and alternative conditions and institutions that may conserve forests. The results show no statistically significant differences in forest conditions between legally protected forests and forests governe...

Many disciplines from the biological and social sciences are relevant to the study of human ageing. The unique contribution of epidemiology lies in defining the phenomenon of ageing and identifying the influences that determine its manifestations. With sadness we recognise, wherever we look in the world, that these influences include privilege, prejudice, and politics. Ageing, in the sense of s...

Sustainable forest management requires new tools to analyze spatial and temporal forest dynamics and to examine those forest parameters that are related to sustainability. We built a prototype system for data analysis and decision-making at forest enterprise level by integrating a forest ecosystem model EFIMOD-PRO (long-term prediction of forest growth and soil development) with an interactive ...

This paper presents techniques to reduce false alarms in forest-fire detection systems based on infrared cameras. Several software components to implement these techniques are discussed. The components are based on thresholds, oscillation detection, matching of visual and infrared images, memory, meteorological information, motion, size, shape, solar conditions and location. The paper includes ...

Although multiple inheritance (MI) is already a feature of the C# language, there is a debate going on about its good and bad sides. In this paper, I am defending MI. At the same time, many of the rules and principles of inheritance in current C# seem to me to need improvements. The suggested modifications are relatively simple, do not introduce many new reserved words, and should not affect ot...

copyright is basics in development and therefore the authors have monopoly rights .but, the progress of science is depended to modification& distribution of works .now, copy left license is created and while a copyright generally enables a person to claim “all rights-reserved,” a copy left generally means “some – rights - reserved. there is the shift from copyright licenses to copy left license...