Changes of annulus luminance in traditional disk-and-annulus patterns can be perceived to be either reflectance or illuminance changes. In the present experiments, we examined the effect of varying annulus reflectance. In Experiment 1, we placed test and standard patch-and-surround patterns in identical Mondrian patchworks. Only the luminance of the test surround changed from trial to trial, ap...

The paper is concerned with the bifurcation of limit cycles in general quadratic perturbations of a quadratic reversible and non-Hamiltonian system, whose period annulus is bounded by an elliptic separatrix related to a singularity at infinity in the poincar'{e} disk. Attention goes to the number of limit cycles produced by the period annulus under perturbations. By using the appropriate Picard...

the paper is concerned with the bifurcation of limit cycles in general quadratic perturbations of a quadratic reversible and non-hamiltonian system, whose period annulus is bounded by an elliptic separatrix related to a singularity at infinity in the poincar'{e} disk. attention goes to the number of limit cycles produced by the period annulus under perturbations. by using the appropriate p...

BACKGROUND The annulus is a ring-shaped structure located beneath the plasma membrane that connects the midpiece and the principal piece of mammalian sperm flagellum. It has been suggested that the annulus acts as a morphological organizer, guiding flagellum assembly during spermiogenesis, and as a diffusion barrier, confining proteins to distinct compartments of the flagellum in mature sperm. ...

background: spine of an adult is made up of five areas that include 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and finally coccyx. selecting appropriate assumptions for modeling and biological analysis of the spine components has a significant impact on the accuracy of results in biomechanical simulation for different modes. methods: in the present study, biomechani...

An annulus SLEκ trace tends to a single point on the target circle, and the density function of the end point satisfies some differential equation. Some martingales or local martingales are found for annulus SLE4, SLE8 and SLE8/3. From the local martingale for annulus SLE4 we find a candidate of discrete lattice model that may have annulus SLE4 as its scaling limit. The local martingale for ann...

The sensation of being dazzled by light was investigated, and the effects of colors on the feeling were assessed using stimuli composed of a disk and a surrounding annulus with luminance gradient, which had a glowing appearance. The colors of the disk and annulus were varied, while the luminance of each pixel was unchanged. In addition, disk and maximum annulus luminances were also varied. Ten ...