AIM To analyze the influence of various placement techniques on Vickers microhardness of Class II cavities restored using resin composite in different depths and layers. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty-four standardized Class II cavities (5.0 x 3.0 x 1.5 mm3) were prepared in sound human, maxillary premolars. The cavities were divided into four experimental groups (n=16) according to the composit...

Two-point incremental forming method is considered a modern technique for manufacturing shell parts. The presence of bottom punch during the process makes this technique far more complex than its conventional counterpart i.e. single-point incremental forming method. Thus, the numerical simulation of this method is an essential task, which leads to the reduction of trial/error costs, predicts th...

introduction: although composite resins have improved greatly since their introduction, microleakage is one of the most frequently encountered problems. this study compared the effects of different monomer systems and layering techniques on the bacterial leakage of cl i composite resin restorations. methods: eighty-two sound human third molars were used. the teeth were randomly divided into six...

the incremental sheet metal forming (ismf) process is a new and flexible method that is well suited for small batch production or prototyping. this paper studies the use of the finite element method in the incremental forming process of aa1050 sheets to investigate the influence of tool diameter, vertical step size, and friction coefficient on forming force, spring-back, and thickness distribut...

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