نتایج جستجو برای: individual phantom
تعداد نتایج: 458491 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
introduction based on task group no. 43 (tg-43u1) recommendations, water phantom is proposed as a reference phantom for the dosimetry of brachytherapy sources. the experimental determination of tg-43 parameters is usually performed in water-equivalent solid phantoms. the purpose of this study was to determine the conversion factors for equalizing solid phantoms to water. materials and methods t...
Phantom traffic jams may emerge “out of nowhere” from small fluctuations rather than being triggered by large, exceptional events. We show how phantom jams arise in a model of single lane highway traffic, which mimics human driving behavior. Surprisingly, the optimal state of highest efficiency, with the largest throughput, is a critical state with traffic jams of all sizes. We demonstrate that...
Thanks to the advances in parallel processing hardware, iterative algorithms for cone beam reconstruction are now available with computation times acceptable for clinical use. At the same time they are able to accomodate more accurately the physical effects underlying the X-Ray imaging process. Many parameters are involved, which need to be precisely calibrated in order to achieve an accurate 3...
This paper presents results of ultrasonic examination of changes in tongue shape during the process of articulation of vowels by people (without pronunciation disorders). The position of the tongue while pronouncing a definite vowel and the influence of individual anatomical differences upon the tongue shape were examined. Results are presented as ultrasonograms obtained in the Band TM-type pre...
We present the complete construction methodology for an anatomically accurate mouse phantom made using materials which mimic the characteristics of tissue, lung, and bone for radiation dosimetry studies. Phantoms were constructed using 2 mm thick slices of tissue equivalent material which was precision machined to clear regions for insertion of lung and bone equivalent material where appropriat...
Quantitative assessment of tree structures is very important for evaluation of airway or vascular tree morphology and its associated function. Our skeletonization and branch-point identification method provides a basis for tree quantification or tree matching, tree-branch diameter measurement in any orientation, and labeling individual branch segments. All main components of our method were spe...
BACKGROUND Performing phantom movements with visual virtual feedback, or mirror therapy, is a promising treatment avenue to alleviate phantom limb pain. However the effectiveness of this approach appears to vary from one patient to another. OBJECTIVE To assess the individual response to training with visual virtual feedback and to explore factors influencing the response to that approach. M...
Diffusion weighted MRI has become ubiquitous in many areas of medicine, including cancer diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. Reproducibility of diffusion metrics is essential for their acceptance as quantitative biomarkers in these areas. We examined the variability in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained from both postprocessing software implementations utilized by the NC...
The work presented herein describes our methods and results for predicting, measuring and correcting geometric distortions in a 3 T clinical magnetic resonance (MR) scanner for the purpose of image guidance in radiation treatment planning. Geometric inaccuracies due to both inhomogeneities in the background field and nonlinearities in the applied gradients were easily visualized on the MR image...
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