The gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and the intestinotropic hormone GLP-2 are released from enteroendocrine L cells in response to ingested nutrients. Treatment with an exogenous GLP-2 analogue increases intestinal villous mass and prevents intestinal injury. Since GLP-2 is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), DPP4 inhibition may be an effective treatment for intestin...

The purpose of this study was to develop a compaction technique to enhance the solubility, dissolution rate and other physicochemical properties of poorly water-soluble drug indomethacin (IM) with different polymers. The IM was compacted with the different polymers like hydroxy propyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Kollicoat IR, Chitosan, Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone without using any binder and solvent. Pol...

We prepared indomethacin (IM) sustained-release suppositories using sugar ester (SE) as an additive. The suppositories were prepared by the fusion method with IM, SE, and Witepsol H-15 (H-15) and their availabilities in vitro and in vivo were evaluated mainly by the drug release test and the absorption test in rabbits, respectively. The softening point of the suppositories increased with increa...

Pretreatment with estradiol (20 mg IM) attenuated vasoreactivity to decreases in inspired PIO2, lowered baseline resistance measured under conditions of maximal vasodilation (PIO2 = 0 mm Hg), and appeared to increase prostaglandin release in isolated, blood-perfused lungs of juvenile female sheep. Indomethacin (40 micrograms/ml) inhibited prostaglandin release and restored hypoxic vasoreactivit...

Aim: To evaluate the ability of red and white hibiscus (H) in improving epithelial barrier indomethacin-induced duodenal colonic inflammation, compared with prebiotic to investigate whether and/or can be used as natural like agents. Methods: Histological, histomorphometric, histochemical demonstration for goblets cells mucin intensity. Immunohistochemical COX-2, tight junctions (Claudin-1 E-cad...

To develop a new mucoadhesive film containing an analgesic combining clinical efficacy and patient comfort, we prepared and evaluated a two-layered film consisting of an adhesive layer containing indomethacin (IM) as the active ingredient and carboxyvinyl polymer (CP) as a bonding agent and a nonadhesive layer containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve film texture. In in vitro and in vivo...

Reduced weight gains and feed conversions are major sources of economic losses from avian coccidiosis. Experiments were conducted to determine possible involvement of up-regulation of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity during coccidia infections that might contribute to reduced weight gain. In a series of trials, young (3 to 5 wk of age) cockerels infected with Eimeria acervulina, a duodenal parasit...

C often decry an earnings-focused short-term orientation of management that eschews spending on risky, long-term projects such as innovation to boost a firm’s stock price. Such critics assume that stock markets react positively to announcements of immediate earnings but negatively to announcements of investments in innovation that have an uncertain long-term pay off. Contrary to this position, ...

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of extract (TO) obtain from leaves Taraxacum officinale, which is used in treatment many diseases including gastric ulcers traditional medicine, an indomethacin-induced ulcer model. Forty rats, 10 animals each group, were divided into four groups (Control (C), TO + Indomethacin (TO+IND), (IND) Omeprazo...