We demonstrate that flagellated bacteria can be utilized in surface arrays (carpets) to achieve mixing in a low-Reynolds number fluidic environment. The mixing performance of the system is quantified by measuring the diffusion of small tracer particles. We show that the mixing performance responds to modifications to the chemical and thermal environment of the system, which affects the metaboli...

The surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equations are a model for low-Rossby number geophysical flows in which the dynamics are governed by potential temperature dynamics on the boundary. We examine point vortex solutions to this model as well as the chaotic flows induced by three point vortices. The chaotic transport induced by these flows is investigated using techniques of Poincaré maps and the ...

[1] Multi-decadal trends in the advection, mixing, and airsea flux of natural carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Southern Ocean are investigated using output from a hindcast simulation of a non-eddy-resolving ocean model. Particular emphasis is placed on the model’s improved eddy-induced advection parameterization. From 1958 to 2007, the model predicts a significant increase in the outgassing of natur...

Mixing processes in lakes are key factors controlling light availability for phytoplankton growth, but understanding the contribution of mixing is often confounded by other factors such as nutrient availability and species dynamics. Our study examined this problem in a low pH, geothermally heated lake dominated by one phytoplankton genus and lacking the complexity of nutrient limitation, phytop...

The theoretical basics of neutrino mass and mixing are reviewed. Dirac and Majorana masses are explained, and added together to produce the see-saw picture of the lightness of neutrinos. This picture predicts that neutrinos are Majorana particles. The character, and an apparent paradox, of Majorana neutrinos are examined. The physics of neutrino flavor change (oscillation), in vacuo and in matt...

The oxidation of titanium substrates in the air under laser irradiation is investigated. experimental dependence TiO2 layer thickness on number pulses subjected to comprehensive analysis. prevailing chemical and physical processes substrate surface near-surface are determined. It found that drives surface-energy induced mixing substrates. rate sharply depends temperature. This allowed detect ex...

This paper reports the results of experimentally removing ammonia from synthetically prepared ammonia solution using a micro scale mixing loop air stripper. Effects of various operational parameters (such as: pH, air flow rate, wastewater flow rate and initial ammonia concentration) were evaluated. By increasing the pH from 10 to 12.25 the amount of KLa increased from 0.26 to 0.73 hr-1. A consi...

Several studies have pointed out the dependence of low-cloud feedbacks on the strength of the lower-tropospheric convective mixing. By analyzing a series of single-column model experiments run by a climate model using two different convective parametrizations, this study elucidates the physical mechanisms through which marine boundary-layer clouds depend on this mixing in the present-day climat...