OBJECTIVE The mechanism of neovascularization during the proliferative phase of infantile hemangioma is poorly understood. It is known that circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) form new blood vessels in ischemic tissues using mediators regulated by the transcription factor, HIF-1alpha. Mobilization of EPCs is enhanced by VEGF-A, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, a...

Hemangiomas with minimal or arrested growth are a type of infantile hemangioma in which the proliferative component characteristic of such lesions is not observed or accounts for less than 25% of the surface area of the hemangioma. For this reason, these lesions are frequently confused with capillary vascular malformations or may even go undetected. Awareness of these lesions is, however, impor...

The origin of the pathogenic endothelial cells in common infantile hemangioma is unknown. We show here that the transcriptomes of human placenta and infantile hemangioma are sufficiently similar to suggest a placental origin for this tumor, expanding on recent immunophenotypical studies that have suggested this possibility [North, P. E., et al. (2001) Arch. Dermatol. 137, 559-570]. The transcri...

T he main abnormality of the uveal tract in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome is diffuse choroidal hemangioma (DCH). Diffuse choroidal hemangioma can lead to a total retinal detachment and secondary neovascular glaucoma. Radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy are currently the preferred methods of treatment. Low-dose lens-sparing radiotherapy or proton beam irradiation can induce tumor regress...

PURPOSE To reduce the adverse effects and high frequency of administration of propranolol to treat infantile hemangioma, we first utilized propranolol-loaded liposomes-in-microsphere (PLIM) as a novel topical release system to realize sustained release of propranolol. METHODS PLIM was developed from encapsulating propranolol-loaded liposomes (PLs) in microspheres made of poly(lactic-co-glycol...

Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) is an uncommon vascular tumor that, unlike infantile hemangioma, is largely developed at birth and undergoes rapid postnatal involution. To date, RICH has often been described in the setting of an isolated lesion, whereas infantile hemangioma is a well-known feature of numerous syndromes and associations, including the association of posterior fos...

Propranolol was first used in 2008 to treat hemangioma; its efficacy and safety have since changed the classical treatment indications. Infantile hepatic hemangioma presents as a spectrum of clinical conditions varying from simple asymptomatic lesions to lethal complications. Tufted hemangioma and Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma are congenital vascular tumors that lead to Kasabach-Merritt syndr...

We describe a case of 2-month-old girl presented with more than 60 papules and nodules hemangiomas involving the skin sclera, endocanthion, lower lip, labium majus pudenda without visceral laboratory abnormality. A biopsy showed numerous scattered, clearly limited, irregular cellular lobules in dermis circumvoluted into capillaries comprising incomplete vessel walls, which was consistent diagno...

Screening of infants with five or more cutaneous infantile hemangiomas with abdominal ultrasound is often recommended. However, diffuse hepatic hemangioma can develop even in patients with single cutaneous hemangioma. This highlights the importance of physical examination and screening ultrasound in these patients.