Currently, the ash dieback causal agent Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is an established invasive pathogen in most European countries. Its potential to spread quickly among invaded forests based on its propagules: airborne inoculum composed mainly of ascospores originated apothecia growing leaf litter infected during previous vegetation season. The by air masses distant areas probable and depends avai...

When ecologists study organisms with multiphasic life cycles, they must often confront the problem of which phase to scrutinize. In principle, the dynamics and interactions of all stages could play a major role in the regulation of adult populations and species assemblages. In practice, however, the roles of larger and more sedentary phases - being easier to count and manipulate than motile pro...

Numbers of viable fungal propagules in corn dusts in southern Georgia were estimated during various farm and grain elevator operations in 1979, 1980, and 1982. A six-stage Andersen sampler for viable microbial particles was used to sample the dusts with various agar media. The most abundant fungi in corn dusts were species of yeasts: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria. Helmintho...

Sesarmid crabs are possibly one of the most important components of mangrove fauna because of their influence on nutrient cycling and forest structure by feeding on litterfall. Little is known about the influence of electivity on the role of crabs in mangrove forests, and how this is affected by the availability of litter items. this study investigated electivity of three northern australian se...

Ecological restoration projects often rely upon the introduction of nonlocal propagules, such as seed or clonal fragments, to replace or supplement threatened populations. In Minnesota, historical dune restoration projects introduced nonlocal propagules of Ammophila breviligulata from Michigan to augment the threatened native population. Despite the good intentions of such efforts, there is mou...

Use of the appropriate propagule size can maximize propagation rate strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) transplants in an autotrophic transplant production method, a novel method plant factory with artificial lighting for production. During 90 days after planting initial propagules, cumulative number produced from propagules 5 mm crown diameter (CD5) was greater than those 4 (CD4) or 6 (CD6). Time...

infective endocarditis can complicate with ischemic stroke. neurological complications develop in 20-40% of all patients with infective endocarditis. these are mainly due to vegetation embolism.this report represents a case of 30 years old female patient who presented with features of heart failure new york heart association (nyha) class iv with infective endocarditis and left hemiparesis. on e...

The intraradical portion of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi comprises mycelium, vesicles, and special physiological interfaces termed arbuscules; sometimes mycorrhizal fungi also produce spores within their hosts. Arbuscules are ephemeral structures that collapse after a few days, while the hyphae and vesicles appear to remain intact for some time after arbuscule senescence (post-arbuscule st...

Plant cover loss due to changes in land use promotes a decrease in spore diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), viable mycelium and, therefore, in AMF colonization, this has an influence in community diversity and, as a consequence, in its recovery. To evaluate different AMF propagules, nine plots in a tropical dry forest with secondary vegetation were selected: 0, 1, 7, 10, 14, 18, 2...

1 In an asexually reproducing plant ( Potamogeton pectinatus L.) the competitive advantage of a larger propagule over a smaller one was determined by a single parameter ( α , the competitive asymmetry coefficient), independent of sowing density or average propagule size. Competitive advantage was determined by the relative size difference between propagules instead of their absolute difference....