objective: : root resorption is a complication of orthodontic treatment and till date, there is a dearth of information regarding this subject. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between orthodontic force and genetic expression of tgf-β(as an inflammatory cytokine) using the rt-pcr technique in rats. moreover, realization of the level of gene expression may help in the diff...

interleukin (il)-17 is exclusively produced by cd4 helper t-cells upon activation. it most often acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines il-6, il-8, tnf-α, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf). in this study, we studied the in-vitro il-17 response to specific antigens and a variety of mitogens and compared the il-1...

Background: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) functions as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Objective: To evaluate the levels of IL-6 in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Methods: Level of IL-6 was assessed and recorded for 14 days subsequent to the injury in 161 multiple trauma patients. MODS were diagnosed using Marshal Score. Injury Severity Scor...

Interleukin-6 (IL6) is encoded by the IL6 gene in human and acts as pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Recent studies established that IL6 substantially contribute in the diagnosed of systemic inflammation for the patients suffering from lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thereof, this work aimed to investigate the prot...

Summary Inflammasomes and the interleukin (IL)-1 family of cytokines are key mediators both inflammation immunothrombosis. responsible for release pro-inflammatory IL-1β IL-18, as well releasing tissue factor (TF), a pivotal initiator extrinsic coagulation cascade. Uncontrolled production inflammatory results in what is known “cytokine storm” leading to hyperinflammatory disease. Cytokine storm...

gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd)  is defined with clinical symptoms  of  heart burning and regurgitation. it may be associated with external esophageal symptoms such as chronic cough, asthma, laryngitis, chronic lung disease, sinusitis and pulmonary fibrosis. in the present study, rats with chronic aspiration of gastroduodenal contentswere studied for  cellular phenotypes  and  cytokine c...

different research groups have extensively studied the associations of cytokine gene polymorphisms in different diseases. the role of cytokines gene polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis (ms), as a chronic immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease, has been previously reported in the various populations. for determining pro-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms, 100 relapsing remitting multipl...

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological disease in which neuro inflammation that leads to neurodegeneration _ plays a key role and its prevalence is 2 million in the world. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is multifunctional. One of the important functions is in immune system, both in immunological tolerance and in adaptive immune responses. 264 patients will be enrolled that s...