 The major route of exposure is by inhalation.  Acute inhalation exposure to bromine vapour may cause upper respiratory effects, cough, headache, CNS effects and lacrimation.  Acute oral exposure to bromine results in central nervous system effects.  Deep partial skin loss and skin discolouration have been reported following acute dermal exposure to bromine.  Ocular exposure to bromine cau...

Inhalation Toxicology In article number 2100633 by Ajay Vikram Singh, Byung-Wook Park, and co-workers, a systematic approach is taken to discuss the bottleneck, pros cons of current technologies pertaining organ-on-a-chip systems for inhalation toxicology. Design processes inspired from soft robotics actuation with attention exposure, lung cells, materials used are presented.

Inhalation exposure to semi-volatile polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) that ubiquitously exist in the environment has the potential to cause adverse health effects. Recently identified sources of airborne PCBs, especially non-legacy sources, stress the importance of risk assessment for inhalation exposure. However, the fate of inhaled airborne PCBs in biological systems and the resultant toxicity rema...

HINTIKKA, E.L. and NIKULIN, M. 1998. Airborne mycotoxins in agricultural and indoor environments. Indoor Air – International Journal of Indoor Air Quality and Climate Supp. 4: 66–70. This overview with 33 references discusses the increasing reports of inhalation exposure to mycotoxins in agricultural environments and in water damaged buildings with mould problems. There is evidence that inhalat...

In establishing the guideline values for chemical contaminants in drinking water, the contribution of inhalation and dermal routes associated with showering/bathing needs to be evaluated. The present article reviews the current approaches available for evaluating the importance of inhalation and dermal routes of exposure to drinking water contaminants (DWCs) and integrates them within a 2-tier ...

Stationary and personal passive sampling provides complementary information on the inhalation exposure to gaseous elemental mercury among Norwegian e-waste workers, Ghanaian artisanal gold miners community members.