one important issue that any material or test designer should bear in mind is to be careful about developing teaching and testing reading materials which would not be to the benefit of a group of readers or examinees and to the detriment of some others. one of the factors which may cause difference between the performances of english learners or test takers is the selection of reading tests wit...

{ Taskkow-oriented programming merges concepts from structured programming, hardware description, and markup languages. A markup language such as XML supports a well-deened schema that can capture the decomposition of a program into a hierarchy of tasks. A hardware description language such as VHDL relies on well-deened and explicit input/output port deenitions to create, at any level of hierar...

the purpose of this research was to analyze efl writing tasks in the most popular esol (english for speakers of other languages) exam preparation courses in iran: ielts, toefl, fce and cae. having collected the criteria of writing task appropriateness in light of the process-oriented approach to writing instruction, 114 learner participants were asked to rate efl writing tasks based on a checkl...

In view of the separation learning and application in foreign language teaching China, a Production-Oriented Approach theory (POA theory) integrating is proposed. The takes unit tasks with potential communicative value as target, students selectively learn input materials under guidance teachers, finally achieve effective output complete tasks. This paper tries to apply POA Advanced English Tea...