Abstract This article explores how the memory of conquest Shang and rise first Zhou kings was transmitted during early centuries dynasty, specifically as it reflected in inscriptions on excavated bronze vessels bells from Western period (ca. mid-eleventh to eighth century b.c.e. ). Approaching these inscribed objects their texts perspective theories social cultural reveals that commemorating fo...

calligraphy, as a prominent art incorporated into persian and islamic architecture, supplys messages and brings beauty to the eyes of the beholder. the most important messages in architecture are directly expressed by inscriptions. different types of inscriptions are shaped in the form of mosaic works, multiple painted patterns, tiles, bricks or plaster techniques. although in qajar period trad...

This paper presents a translation of the Arkalochori Axe and the Malia Altar Stone inscriptions, which are some of the longest known Cretan Hieroglyph inscriptions together with the Phaistos Disk. The translations are checked using two consistency criteria. First, a synoptic transliteration is used that aligns symbols from several scripts that are evolutionarily related. When the phonetic value...

Oracle-bone inscriptions are pioneer mature characters in China, named as china archaic “record-base”. Because oracle-bone was not smoothness, and went through thousands years, its damage is very grievous, many spots covered up pristine inscriptions. In the paper we analyse the characteristic of rubbings and try wavelet transform for removing noise of different defective rubbings of oracle-bone...

The authors outline the way in which documents as social objects have evolved from their earliest forms to the electronic documents of the present day. They note that while certain featu res have remained consistent, processes regarding document authentication are seriously complicated by the easy reproducibility of digital entities. The authors argue that electronic documents also raise signif...