Strategies to eradicate the vector-borne infectious diseases (e.g. malaria and Japanese encephalitis) are often directed at controlling vectors with insecticides. Spraying insecticide, however, opens the way for the development of insecticide resistance in vectors, which may lead to the failure of disease control. In this paper, we examine whether the combined use of insecticide spray and zoopr...

background: the german cockroach, blattella germanica l. (dictyoptera: blattellidae), has become resistant to many insecticides due to control failures in hospital and student dormitory settings of southern iran. objective: this study was thus designed to detect and monitor carbamate resistance in two strains of german cockroach using lethal dose bioassay methods. methods: wild dormitory (d) an...

background: organophosphorus pesticides are one of the most prevalent usages for pest control in the country. such pesti­cides enter into water sources by different routes. since drinking of contaminated water at the higher doses than the standard level, may causes undesirable effects to human health and ecosystem. the object of this research was to investigate the ef­fect of various parameters...

BACKGROUND Increasing incidences of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors are threatening the sustainable use of contemporary chemical vector control measures. Fungal entomopathogens provide a possible additional tool for the control of insecticide-resistant malaria mosquitoes. This study investigated the compatibility of the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin and two mosquito-pathogenic fun...

In Africa anopheline mosquitoes transmit malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF); insecticide-treated bed nets significantly reduce transmission of both. Insecticide-treated bed net provision to children under 5 (U5) and pregnant women (PW) is a major goal of malaria control initiatives, but use in Africa remains low because of cost and logistics. We therefore integrated insecticide-treated bed n...

Because of their role as vectors of diseases, the evolution of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes has been intensively investigated. Insecticide resistance is associated to a wide range of pleiotropic effects on several key life-history traits of mosquitoes such as longevity and behavior. However, despite its potential implications in pathogen transmission, the effects of insecticide resistan...

background: human malaria remains a major malady in eastern iran. vector control interventions such as indoor residual spraying are used to fight with the disease. this study was undertaken to determine the lethal and residual effects of three different pyrethroid insecticides on adult mosquitoes of anopheles stephensi on different surfaces in iran, as part of a national program to monitor inse...

Occupationally exposed workers, farm workers and plant protection agents in the Sahel region of Burkina Faso were interviewed to assess adverse health effects of insecticides. The subjects were also examined for changes in both hematological and biochemical parameters. The prevalence of liver and kidney dysfunction was found to be quite high among insecticide applicators, especially among plant...

The effect of insecticide-treated materials on reducing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is disputable. In Bangladesh, we evaluated the effect of a community-based intervention with insecticide impregnation of existing bed-nets in reducing VL incidence. This intervention reduced VL by 66.5%. Widespread bed-net impregnation with slow-release insecticide may control VL in Bangladesh.

We develop a flexible, two-locus model for the spread of insecticide resistance applicable to mosquito species that transmit human diseases such as malaria. The model allows differential exposure of males and females, allows them to encounter high or low concentrations of insecticide, and allows selection pressures and dominance values to differ depending on the concentration of insecticide enc...