Calcium and cyclic AMP are important in the stimulation of insulin release. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) raises islet cAMP levels and causes insulin release at nonstimulatory glucose concentrations. In isolated rat pancreatic islets maintained for 2 d in tissue culture, the effects of IBMX on insulin release and 45Ca++ fluxes were compared with those of glu...

Objective: Hepatic glucose release plays a potential role in hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The aim of this experimental study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on fasting levels of glucose and insulin as well as glucokinase (GCK) expression in liver tissue in obese T2D rats. Materials and Methods: T2D was induced by a high-fat ...

OBJECTIVE In the light of the recent finding that the atypical antipsychotics clozapine and olanzapine have a stimulatory effect on basal insulin release in vitro, the influence on insulin release of three other atypical agents; quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone, was examined. METHODS The effect of each atypical antipsychotic in a concentration of 10(-6) M was investigated on both basal...

Insulin is secreted as a series of punctuated secretory bursts superimposed on variable basal insulin release. The contribution of these secretory bursts to overall insulin secretion has been estimated on the basis of peripheral vein sampling in humans to encompass > or =75% of overall insulin release. A similar contribution of the pulsatile mode of release was inferred in a canine model by use...

Verapamil, an agent known rapidly to block calcium uptake into islets of Langerhans, has been used to study the roles of intra- and extracellular calcium in the two phases of glucose-induced insulin release. Rates of calcium uptake and insulin release during the first phase were measured simultaneously over 5 min in rat islets after maintenance in tissue culture for 2 days. Rates of (45)Ca(++) ...

Hemin is an activator of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), enzyme catalyzing degradation. Up-regulation HO-1 observed in response to various pathological conditions. Moreover, pharmacological activation associated with numerous beneficial effects the organism. was shown exert, among other, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity properties. These are strongly linked adipose tissue. However, direct influence hemi...

Multilamellar vesicles (noisome) of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether surfactants (Brij 52, 72, 76 and 92) were prepared using classic film hydration method. Vesicle formation ability of the surfactants was assessed in presence or absence of cholesterol. All used surfactants formed vesicles in the absence of cholesterol. Recombinant human insulin was used as a model protein drug to investigate encaps...

This study examines the effect of muscimol, a high affinity, specific gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist, on glucose-stimulated somatostatin and insulin release from the isolated, perfused rat pancreas. Perfusion with low glucose (50 mg/dl) conditions resulted in basal somatostatin release of 46 +/- 4 pg/ml. Basal insulin release was less than 20 microU/ml. High glucose (300 mg/dl) conditio...