Inter-aural time differences (ITDs) constitute an important localization cue for azimuth estimation, particularly below 1.5 kHz. As a first approximation, it is commonly assumed that ITDs do not depend on frequency. Nevertheless, Kuhn (JASA, 1977) shows theoretically and experimentally that due to diffraction effects around the head, ITDs depend on frequency. Low frequency ITDs should thus theo...

Bilateral cochlear implantation seeks to improve hearing by taking advantage of the binaural processing of the central auditory system. Cochlear implants typically encode sound in each spectral channel by amplitude modulating (AM) a fixed-rate pulse train, thus interaural time differences (ITD) are only delivered in the envelope. We investigated the ITD sensitivity of inferior colliculus (IC) n...

Activating mutations of the FLT3 gene occur because of an internal tandem duplication of the juxta-membrane domain (FLT3/ITD) or point mutation of the activation loop domain (FLT3/ALM). The presence of FLT3 mutations as well as the allelic ratio of FLT3/ITD (ITD-AR, mutant– wild type ratio) may have prognostic significance. FLT3 mutation status of 630 children with de novo acute myeloid leukemi...

Activating mutations of the FLT3 gene occur because of an internal tandem duplication of the juxta-membrane domain (FLT3/ITD) or point mutation of the activation loop domain (FLT3/ALM). The presence of FLT3 mutations as well as the allelic ratio of FLT3/ITD (ITD-AR, mutant-wild type ratio) may have prognostic significance. FLT3 mutation status of 630 children with de novo acute myeloid leukemia...

Internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations in the Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene (FLT3-ITD) are associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Due to the development of drug resistance, few FLT3-ITD inhibitors are effective against FLT3-ITD+ AML. In this study, we show that FLT3-ITD activates a novel pathway involving p21Cdkn1a (p21) and pre-B cell leu...

This paper presents overall scientific estimations on bycatch landings by species, or groups of species, carried out by the Spanish surface longline fleet targeting swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the Pacific Ocean. The mean level of bycatch landed by the Spanish fleet from the beginning of the fishing activity in 1990 until the year 2005 accounted for 42.6% of the total weight landed (target sp...

A severe heatwave occurred in April 2010 over West Africa. It was characterised by a particularly high daily minimum temperature reaching more than 35°C locally and water vapour content. In this study we analyse the ability of mesoscale limited-area model to represent such an event investigate advantage using explicit representation deep convection for case associated with very limited precipit...

Objectives: Bilateral cochlear implant (CI) listeners currently use stimulation strategies which encode interaural time differences (ITD) in the temporal envelope but which do not transmit ITD in the fine structure, due to the constant phase in the electrical pulse train. To determine the utility of encoding ITD in the fine structure, ITD-based lateralization was investigated with four CI liste...

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations are among the most frequent molecular aberrations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. We retrospectively analyzed 324 patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with front-line induction chemotherapy between October 2004 and March 2010. Fifty-six patients had FLT3-ITD mutation at diagnosis. Fifty-one (91%) patien...