AIM To evaluate the effects of cerebroventricular administration of hyperoncotic/hyperosmotic agents on edematous brain tissue in rats with experimental head trauma. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 54 female Sprague-Dawley rats with weights ranging between 200 and 250 g. Six experimental groups were examined with each group containing 9 rats. All rats were exposed to head trauma, and ...

Sequential real-time ultrasound examinations were performed in 174 neonates to determine the time of occurrence of cerebroventricular haemorrhage (CVH). Of the 47 infants in whom CVH was detected, in 36 (77%) CVH was present at the first examination. Of the 34 infants with CVH who were examined first within 6 hours of birth, 24 (71%) already had haemorrhage demonstrable at the initial scan. Ext...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the beneficial effects of widely-prescribed lipid lowering drugs, pitavastatin, atorvastatin and simvastatin 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors in cognitive dysfunctions of mice. Intra-cerebroventricular (ICV)-Streptozocin-(STZ)- and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced amnesia served as interoceptive memory models where a...

It has been suggested that cholinergic mechanisms are involved in learning and memory (1,4). Since cholino-mimetic drugs appear unique in their ability to alter the above parameters, this study study was undertaken to determine if there was any difference in effects on learning and memory between a directly acting drug drug, viz., pilocarpine and an indirectly acting drug, physostigmnie and als...

It is known that hyperglycemic response to 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a competitive inhibitor of glycolysis [1,22], is neurogenic through the sympathetic activation of adrenal catecholamine secretion [2,6,8]. An increase in the efferent discharge of adrenal nerve filaments after systemic administration of 2-DG was reported by Niijima [12]. Several studies have indicated that neural elements whic...

Previous studies revealed the presence of LTC(4) synthase in paraventricular vasopressinergic neurons, suggesting a role for leukotrienes (LTs) in certain neuroendocrine system functions. Our aim was to study the effect of an inhibitor of LT synthesis in the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) following an osmotic stimulus in rats. Male Wistar rats received an intra-cerebroventricular injecti...

Our purpose was to study the influence of the stimulation of the cerebroventricular system on some mechanisms related to hydrosaline equilibrium and blood pressure regulation. Renal function and blood pressure (group 1) as well as the baroreceptor reflex (group 2) were studied. In group 1, we measured diuresis, natriuresis, creatinine clearance, lithium clearance, and blood pressure in control ...

The possible involvement of the PI3K/AKT/BDNF/VGF signaling in rapid-acting antidepressant-like effects of antidepressants has been explored progressively by more studies. However, whether this signaling participates in the antidepressant-like effects of acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) has not been examined. Herein, we assessed the antidepressant-like effects of ALC using the forced swimming test (FST...

Protein synthesis inhibitors block consolidation of memory and may also block the reconsolidation of a reactivated memory in paradigms of aversive learning, but the evidence for reconsolidation effects is conflicting in appetitive paradigms. We now report that intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) anisomycin (400microg) prevents consolidation of morphine-induced place preference (CPP), but does not im...