Objectives: To see the effects of Intra-Vitreal Diclofenac injection (IVD) in refractory Diabetic Macular Edema (DME).
 Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
 Place and Duration Study: Retina Clinic, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Sep 2019 to Feb 2020.
 Methodology: Patients included study having Clinically Significant (CSME) with Central Thickness (CMT) ...

PURPOSE To determine the safety of a surgeon's initial consecutive intravitreal injections using a specific protocol and to review the complications that may be attributed to the injection procedure. DESIGN A retrospective chart review. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-nine patients (30 females, 29 males) received intravitreal injections of pegaptanib, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab as part of their treatme...

AIM To evaluate the association between the size of peripheral retinal non-perfusion and the number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections in patients with treatment-naive branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and macular edema. METHODS A total of 53 patients with treatment-naive BRVO and macular edema were included. Each patient underwent a full ophthalmologic examination including optical co...

PURPOSE To evaluate the association between the size of peripheral retinal nonperfusion and the number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections in patients with treatment-naïve central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). METHODS Fifty-four patients with treatment-naïve CRVO and macular edema were included. Each patient underwent a full ophthalmologic examination including optical coherence tomograph...

intravitreal injection is the most common approach for drug delivery to the posterior segment in humans. however, following the injection, drugs are rapidly eliminated from the vitreous, with half-lives up to a few days. depending on the rate of clearance from the vitreous, large boluses and frequent administrations may be required to ensure therapeutic levels over an extended period of time. m...

PURPOSE The intravitreal injection is a minimally invasive technique which has been proved to be an effective therapy in the management of numerous vitreoretinal diseases. Its use has been rapidly increased in the last few years due to new medications and indications. However, non-standardized performance of this procedure might cause severe complications, being of special concern intraocular i...

Intravitreal injections show an avalanche-like growth the world over. Purposes: 1) create a mathematical model of eyeball and fluid movement inside eye, assuming simplified structure vitreous body (without tanks); 2) estimate time span when drug substance remains in cavity until it is completely washed out, depending on injection site; 3) observe evaluate path cavity; 4) variation located cavit...

BACKGROUND To compare the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept and ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-life clinical practice. METHODS This was a retrospective study. Among 62 Chinese patients with DME, 32 patients (36 eyes) received intravitreal conbercept (IVC) injections and 30 patients (32 eyes) received intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections, once a m...

we report a case of choroidal neovascularization (cnv) secondary to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr) gene mutation in a 20-year-old male patient with hypopituitarism. treatment with three consecutive injections of intravitreal ranibizumab (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor) resulted in significant improvement of the patient’s vision and the appearance of the macula. a search ...

PURPOSE We report a case of infectious endophthalmitis that developed after the third intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. The endophthalmitis was caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. METHODS Observational case series. RESULTS This was a case of a 77-year-old man who had received three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and developed infectious endophthalmitis. Polymerase chain react...