1. The alkaloids (curare, atropine, and nicotine) in molluscs and arthropods stimulate and paralyze the central nervous system and peripheral (visceral) ganglia, but do not paralyze the motor nerve endings to skeletal or visceral muscle. 2. They stimulate and paralyze the denervated heart. 3. They paralyze or block the cardioinhibitory nerves, but not the cardioaccelerator nerves. 4. In the Lim...

The repair of peripheral nerve injuries is still one of the most challenging tasks and concerns in neurosurgery. Effect of methylprednisolone-laden hydrogel loaded into a chitosan conduit on the functional recovery of peripheral nerve using a rat sciatic nerve regeneration model was assessed. A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan conduit (CHIT/CGP-Hydrogel) filled with CGP-h...

H eart transplantation (HTx) surgically interrupts the parasympathetic vagal neurons and the intrinsic postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers traveling from the stellate ganglia to the myocardium, causing axonal Wallerian degeneration and thus extrinsic cardiac denervation. Cardiac denervation causes loss of afferent nerves in the myocardium, which is hypothesized to impair the reflex response...

Introduction: Prior qualitative and quantitative studies have reported morphological changes that occur in nerve fibers and non-neuronal cells of peripheral nerve during the lifetime of the rats. Previous studies suggest that Aloe Vera has some beneficial and therapeutic effects such as anti-oxidant effects. In the current study, we have evaluated histological and histomorphometric changes of Sc...

There is limited information on the regeneration of the enteric nervous system (ENS) following major reconstruction of the digestive tract. We have studied ENS regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima which undergoes an organogenic process forming a new digestive tract at the tip of the mesentery. Our results show that (1) a degeneration of nerve fibers occurs early in the regener...

Peripheral nerve regeneration occurs spontaneously after injury due to the permissive environment and activation of intrinsic growth capacity neurons. Injuries can be divided into three categories: neurapraxia, axonotmesis neurotmesis. Wallerian degeneration neurotmesis, affecting axon distal site damage. After this phase is complete, damaged neurons try rebuild fibers with axonal budding. Axon...

Background Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease, can cause severe pelvic pain. Studies demonstrated the presence of sensory nerve fibers in endometrium of endometriosis patient. Nevertheless, no information is available on mechanisms of sensory nerve formation in eutopic or ectopic lesions. Since HOX genes have important roles in both reproductive tract and nerve growth, we decided t...

introduction: to recognize the myelinated nerve fibers of the external capsule in human brain. materials and methods: 10 adult and normal brains (20 hemispheres) from both sexes were studied using 15 mm serial sections in all three cardinal planes after fixation and processing. these sections were stained by klüver - barrera and heidenhain - woelcke methods. results: some fibers from different ...

PURPOSE Failure of severed adult central nervous system (CNS) axons to regenerate could be attributed with a reduced intrinsic growing capacity. Severe spinal cord injury is frequently associated with a permanent loss of function because the surviving neurons are impaired to regrow their fibers and to reestablish functional contacts. Peripheral nerves are known as good substrate for bridging CN...