The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has published a set of eight standards for guideline development groups (GDGs) to derive trustworthy clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). We investigated the adherence of these IOM guidelines to its own standards. The IOM document passed two of its own standards ("GDG-Systematic Review Team Interaction" and "GDG Composition"), only partially passed two others ("A...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether spinal cord intraoperative monitoring (IOM) with somatosensory and transcranial electrical motor evoked potentials (EPs) predict adverse surgical outcomes. METHODS A panel of experts reviewed the results of a comprehensive literature search and identified published studies relevant to the clinical question. These studies were classified according to the evidence-...

OBJECTIVE Achieving adequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is important for optimal health of the infant and mother. We estimate current population-based trends of GWG. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System for 124,348 women who delivered live infants in 14 states during 2000 through 2009. We examined prevalence and trends in GWG in pounds as a con...

Introduction: The insoluble organic matter (IOM) contained with in all chondritic meteorites constitutes a significant reservoir of extraterrestrial organic matter that in some cases may be as high as 3.5 wt. % [1]. Whereas considerable effort has been made to develop a molecular understanding of meteoritic IOM, there remains considerable uncertainty regarding its origins, i.e., was IOM formed ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether spinal cord intraoperative monitoring (IOM) with somatosensory and transcranial electrical motor evoked potentials (EPs) predicts adverse surgical outcomes. METHODS A panel of experts reviewed the results of a comprehensive literature search and identified published studies relevant to the clinical question. These studies were classified according to the evidence...

The purpose of this study was to examine the inferior oblique muscle (IOM) thickness in Asians by the quasi-sagittal plane of the orbits. Specimens were examined from 23 orbits of 18 Asians (9 orbits in males, 14 in females), aged 63 to 97 years at death. All specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin before use. The orbital contents were incised parallel to the optic nerve, after which the ...

BACKGROUND Oesophageal clearance of acid reflux consists of an initial volume clearance followed by neutralisation of the acidified mucosa by swallowed saliva (chemical clearance). Ineffective oesophageal motility (IOM), a frequent finding in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), has been claimed to underlie prolonged acid clearance by affecting oesophageal emptying and saliva...

Previous studies documented the abnormal association of heme and heme proteins with the sickle RBC membrane. We have now examined RBC ghosts and inside-out membranes (IOM) for the presence of nonheme iron as detected by its formation of a colored complex with ferrozine. Sickle ghosts have 33.8 +/- 18.2 nmol nonheme iron/mg membrane protein, and sickle IOM have 4.3 +/- 3.0 nmol/mg. In contrast, ...

Background: Oesophageal clearance of acid reflux consists of an initial volume clearance followed by neutralisation of the acidified mucosa by swallowed saliva (chemical clearance). Ineffective oesophageal motility (IOM), a frequent finding in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), has been claimed to underlie prolonged acid clearance by affecting oesophageal emptying and saliv...