Electrical activity in identical neurons across individuals is often remarkably similar and stable over long periods. However, the ionic currents that determine the electrical activity of these neurons show wide animal-to-animal amplitude variability. This seemingly random variability of individual current amplitudes may obscure mechanisms that globally reduce variability and that contribute to...

The protein nanopore Mycobacteria smegmatis porin A (MspA), can be used to sense individual nucleotides within DNA, potentially enabling a technique known as nanopore sequencing. In this technique, single-stranded DNA electrophoretically moves through the nanopore and results in an ionic current that is nucleotide-specific. However, with a high transport velocity of the DNA within the nanopore,...

Biocompatible Ionic Liquids (Bio-ILs) are a new class of ILs that task-specifically designed to derive from naturally occurring compounds and/or derivatives thereof, as well molecules known for their biocompatibility (e.g., active pharmaceutical ingredients or non-toxic bioactive compounds) in terms sustainability and biocompatibility. Owing remarkable physicochemical properties can be tailor m...

A porous metal electrospray emitter has been tested with four different ionic liquids including those comprised with heavy ions. Time of flight experiments were conducted to characterize the emitted species for each liquid and the amount of emitted current as a function of applied voltage. The results indicate that for each ionic liquid, high quality pure ions were emitted containing no observa...

Tosylation and acylation of cellulose were performed under mild reaction conditions using imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents. The non-degradative nature, lower viscosity, as well as higher solubility of cellulose in [amim]Cl encouraged us to carry out the reactions in this media. The reactions described here were optimised for this particular solvent in order to obtain different ...